versed .
【考法 1】 adj. 熟知的： having information especially as a result of study or experience
【例】 versed in the latest developments in aeronautics 熟知当今航空业的发展情况
【近】 abreast, acquainted, conversant, informed, knowledgeable, well-informed
【近】 ignorant, unacquainted, unfamiliar, uninformed, unknowledgeable 无知的
【考法 2】 adj. 精通的： having or showing exceptional knowledge, experience, or skill in a field of endeavor
【例】 well versed in the techniques of laser surgery 精通激光手术方面的技术
【近】 accomplished, adept, complete, consummate, experienced, expert, master, practiced, professed, skilled, veteran, virtuoso
【近】 amateur, inexperienced, inexpert, jackleg, unprofessional, unseasoned, unskilled 业余的，不精通的
vocation .
【考法 1】 n. 职业： the work in which a person is regularly employed
【例】 finally made soccer her vocation instead of just a hobby 终于将足球从爱好升级为谋生的职业
【近】 calling, employment, occupation, profession, trade, work
【反】 hobby 爱好
【派】 vocational adj. 职业的，为职业做准备的
voyeur .
【考法 1】 n. 淫窥狂： one obtaining sexual gratification from observing unsuspecting individuals who are partly undressed, naked, or engaged in sexual acts
【例】 They accidentally found out that their ostensibly benign neighbor is actually a voyeur. 他们偶然间发现那个表面和善的邻居居然是一个偷窥狂。
【近】 peeper
【派】 voyeurism n. 偷窥癖
willful .
【考法 1】 adj. 固执的，倔强的： obstinately and often perversely self-willed
【例】 Finally the parents sought professional counseling for the willful child. 最终家长不得不为倔强的小孩寻求专业咨询。
【近】 adamant, headstrong, immovable, implacable, inconvincible, inflexible, intransigent, mulish, obdurate, pertinacious, perverse, stubborn, unyielding, wrongheaded
【反】 acquiescent, agreeable, amenable, compliant, flexible, pliable, pliant, relenting, yielding 易受影响的
【考法 2】 adj. 故意的： done deliberately
【例】 a willful attempt to cheat her siblings out of their rightful inheritance 一个想将继承权从她的姊妹手里骗过来的故意企图
【近】 conscious, deliberate, intended, intentional, knowing, purposeful, voluntary, willed, witting
【反】 accidental, chance, haphazard, inadvertent, incidental, random 不经意的，偶然的
wistful .
【考法 1】 adj. （带着忧伤而）渴望的，怀念的： full of yearning or desire tinged with melancholy
【例】 There was a wistful look in his eyes when he spoke of his childhood. 当他谈起他的童年时，眼眶中不禁流露出一种带有忧伤的怀念之情。
【近】 longing, nostalgic, reminiscent, yearning
【反】 apathetic, indifferent, insouciant, nonchalant, perfunctory, unconcerned 无所谓的，不感兴趣的
wrongheaded .
【考法 1】 adj. 固执己见的，坚持（错误观点）的： stubborn in adherence to wrong opinion or principles
【例】 In spite of other's objections, he is always wrongheaded in his opinions. 他总是不管他人的反对而坚持自己哪怕是错误的观点。
【近】 adamant, headstrong, immovable, implacable, inconvincible, inflexible, intransigent, mulish, obdurate,pertinacious, perverse, stubborn, unyielding, willful
【反】 acquiescent, agreeable, amenable, compliant, flexible, pliable, pliant, relenting, yielding 易受影响的