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listen to part of a lecture in an art history class.
请听艺术史课上的部分内容。
Okay. So, when we were discussing Gainsborough’s painting, the Blue boy, which he painted in 1770,
我们在讨论Gainsborough1770年画的作品Blue boy时，
I mentioned the story that the painting might’ve been an experiment, the result of a challenge.
我提到过这幅画可能是一个试验，一个挑战的结果。
It was believed that blue couldn’t be an important color in a painting
那时的人认为蓝色不能成为一幅画中的一个重要颜色，
because...well...it tends to recede into the background, not good for your main subject, right?
因为它往往会融进背景中，对你的主要人物不好，对吗？
So to show otherwise, Gainsborough created the Blue Boy, with the boy featured large in his famous blue clothes...and...well...I guess he proved his point.
所以为了证明他们是错的，Gainsborough创作了这幅Blue boy，画中的小男孩的很大特色在于他那件著名的蓝色衣服......我想他证明了他的观点。
But there was another challenge to blue, it was very very expensive back then.
但是那时蓝色还面对着另一个挑战，在那个时候蓝色非常非常昂贵。
Now of course, because of modern chemistry, any color is available in tubes at any art supply store.
现在当然了，多亏了现代化学，在任意美术用品商店都能买到管状的所有颜色。
But in the 18th century and before, it wasn’t so easy.
但是在18世纪及之前并没有这么简单。
And blue...well...the color ultramarine, the most desired shade of blue, was made from the precious stone, Lapis Lazuli,
蓝色......深蓝色是最合适的蓝色阴影色，这种颜色是用一种珍贵的石头——天青石制成的，
which had to be imported all the way from Afghanistan.
而这种石头要从阿富汗一路进口过来。
And the second most favorite shade of blue, after ultramarine made from Laps Lazuli, was a shade a blue that came from another precious stone, Azurite.
排在用天青石制成的深蓝色之后的，第二最受喜爱的蓝色阴影色取自另一种珍贵的石头——孔雀石。
But Azurite was...well...harder to work with, there’s evidence that artists would try to get around these difficulties.
但是孔雀石更难使用，有证据显示画家会试着避开这些困难。
For example, use pigment from lapis lazuli or azurite very sparingly, and also use something cheaper, like smalt, which was made of ground glass.
比如非常节约地使用提取自天青石或孔雀石的颜料，还有使用更便宜的颜料，比如大青色，一种由钴玻璃制成的深蓝色。
Thing is, smalt became discolored over time, so many artists probably avoided blues altogether rather than use something cheap and impermanent.
问题是，大青色时间久了会掉色，所以很多画家可能会全部避免使用蓝色，而不是使用某种廉价不持久的颜料。
