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A country of west-central Europe. The region was conquered by Germanic tribes in the 5th century and by Swabia and Burgundy in the 9th, becoming part of the Holy Roman Empire in 1033. Protesting Hapsburg control in the 13th century, the Swiss formed a defense league made up of cantons that became the basis of their confederation, and by 1499 they had achieved independence. The Reformation in the 16th century led to religious civil wars that lasted through the next two centuries. The French took brief control of Switzerland during the French Revolution, but the confederacy was restored in 1815. Switzerland later adopted a federal constitution (1848) and maintained a policy of neutrality through both World Wars. Bern is the capital and Zurich the largest city. Population: 7,550,000.
瑞士是位于欧洲中南部的多山内陆国。东界奥地利、列支敦士登，南邻意大利，西接法国，北连德国。其领土东起东经10°29'26"格劳宾登州的沙瓦拉茨峰，西至东经5°57'24"的日内瓦的尚希镇，最南端位于北纬45°49'8"，靠近提契诺州的基亚索，最北面在北纬47°48'35"，系沙夫豪森州的巴尔根。南北长220.1公里，东西长348.4公里。
