Moreover, cognitive and mood problems may not be the only consequences of too little sleep. Researchers at the University of Chicago have shown that too little sleep changes the body's secretion of some hormones. The changes promote appetite, reduce the sensation of feeling full after a meal, and alter the body's response to sugar intake—changes that can promote weight gain and increase the risk of developing diabetes。

　　不仅如此，睡眠过少的后果可能不只是认知能力和情绪问题。芝加哥大学的研究人员已经证明，睡眠过少能够改变体内某些激素的分泌。这些变化会促进食欲，削弱对宝饱食的感觉，并改变身体对糖类摄入量的反应，导致体重增加，增加患糖尿病的风险。

　　A study by Susan Redline and colleagues at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine showed an inverse correlation between sleep duration and obesity in high-school-age students. The shorter the sleep, the higher the likelihood of being overweight, with those getting six to seven hours of sleep more than two and a half times as likely to be overweight as those getting more than eight hours。

　　由凯斯-西部保留地大学医学院的苏珊-雷德兰及其同事进行的一项研究显示，高中生的睡眠时间与肥胖程度呈反比。睡眠时间越短，超重的可能性就越大，睡眠时间为6到7个小时的学生身体超重的可能性事睡眠超过8小时的那些学生的2.5倍以上。

　　The good news is that these effects can be reversed by getting an adequate amount of sleep. The University of Chicago study on sleep duration and appetite found that allowing the study subjects to sleep 10 hours for two consecutive nights returned the hormones to normal levels and lowered hunger and appetite ratings by almost 25 percent。

　　好消息是，充足的睡眠可以抵消这些影响。研究发现，让实验对象连续两天睡10个小时可以把激素水平恢复到正常，饥饿感和食欲水平下降近25%。