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A cough might be the first warning sign that, yep, you're coming down with a cold or the flu. (Nooo!) But a cough can also be due to acid reflux, a battle with seasonal allergies, or bronchitis. "A cough is caused by an irritant that tickles your larynx, and your body is reacting by reflexively contracting muscles to expel it out," explains Leslie Mendoza Temple, MD, medical director of the Integrative Medicine Program at NorthShore University HealthSystem.
咳嗽是感冒或流感的第一大征兆（不！）。但咳嗽也有可能是由于胃酸回流、与季节性过敏作斗争或是支气管炎引起的。"咳嗽是由刺激喉咙的刺激物引起的，而你的身体会通过反射性收缩肌肉来将其排出体外，"北海大学健康系统中医结合项目的医学主任莱斯利·门多萨·坦普尔医学博士解释道。
The reality is that a cough is more than just pesky. It takes a while to go away-and that's totally normal. In fact, a cough sticks around for 18 days on average, according to a 2013 study in the Annals of Family Medicine. While many people turn to antibiotics in this instance, the meds are often ineffective. You don't need them simply because you've been coughing for a couple weeks.
事实是，咳嗽不仅让人厌烦，而且还需要一段时间才能痊愈--这是完全正常的。事实上，据《家庭医学年报》2013年的一项研究表示，咳嗽的平均逗留时间为18天。虽然很多人会立刻服用抗生素，但这些药物通常都是无效的。只是咳嗽了一两个星期，并不能成为你需要吃抗生素的理由。
Hit the shower
冲个热水澡
When a cough crops up, take an extra-long shower. "Being in a hot shower is the best thing you can do," says Dr. Mendoza Temple. "Stick yourself in there and let the steam soothe your breathing passages," she says, adding that it helps reduce the over-excitement in your throat. It's a great alternative when you're trying to avoid giving kids (or yourself) cough medicine. There's no hard-and-fast rule about how long you have to stay in, but take your time. Step out and dry off when your cough starts to quiet down.
咳嗽的时候，洗个超长时间的热水澡吧。"洗个热水澡是最棒的事情，"门多萨·坦普尔医生说道。"一直冲澡，让蒸汽舒缓你的呼吸道，"她说道，并补充说这能帮助降低喉咙过度兴奋。当你试着避免给孩子或自己吃药的时候，这是很好的替代方法。关于到底需要洗多长时间的热水澡还没有硬性规定，但当咳嗽渐缓时，就可以走出去擦干净啦。
Drink marshmallow tea
棉花糖茶
Warm tea and other hot liquids like soup are inherently soothing to an angry throat. "When you soothe the area, your body will stop trying to expel anything out," says Dr. Mendoza Temple. Hence, sipping tea throughout the day can help suppress coughs. She says that you can use any tea that you like-important since that means you're more apt to drink it regularly.
热茶和其它热饮（比如汤）本身就能舒缓发炎的喉咙。"喉咙得到舒缓时，你的身体就会停止尝试排出任何东西，"门多萨·坦普尔医生说道。因此，整天喝茶有助于抑制咳嗽。她说你可以喝任何茶，只要你喜欢--这一点很重要，因为这样你就更倾向于定时喝茶了。
Catch some z's
睡点觉
Your mom would probably tell you to get some rest to get rid of your cough-and she'd be right. Sleep may not be a fancy herbal cure for a cough, but the basics are just as important. "Sleep helps the body accomplish what needs to be done," says Feinberg.
你的妈妈可能会告诉你想要不咳嗽就得多休息--她说的话很有道理。睡觉可能不是治疗咳嗽的神奇草本秘方，但基本原理也同样重要。"睡眠有助于身体完成需要做成的事情，"范伯格说。
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