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Using the examples of the Venus flytrap and the sundew, describe two ways that carnivorous plants get their nutrients.
请以捕蝇草和茅膏菜为例，描述食肉植物获取营养物质的两种途径。
Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.
请听生物课上的部分内容。
Now, plants, like animals, and like us for that matter,
植物，和动物一样，在这方面和我们人类也一样，
need nutrients, substances that provide nourishments, to survive, thrive and grow.
都需要营养物质，也就是能够供给我们生存、发育和成长所需营养的物质。
We get our nutrients from the food we eat.
我们人类从所食用的食物中获取营养物质。
Plants, though, most plants anyway, absorb their nutrients from the soil, right? Through their root systems?
而植物，大部分植物，都是从土壤中吸收养分的，对吗？通过它们的根部系统。
OK, but there are plants that don't get their nutrients from the soil.
但是也有植物不是从土壤中获得营养物质的。
The places they grow the soil is bad.
在它们生长的地方，土质不好。
So they get their nutrients from insects instead, from trapping and digesting insects.
所以它们就通过困住并消化掉昆虫，从这些虫子身上获取营养。
They are called carnivorous plants.
这些植物就被称为“食肉植物”。
Carnivorous plants capture insects in different ways.
食肉植物通过各种不同的方法抓住昆虫。
They have different trapping mechanisms: active traps and passive traps.
它们有不同的陷阱机制：主动陷阱和被动陷阱。
A plant with an active trap, a good example is the Venus flytrap.
关于带有主动陷阱的植物的一个很好的例子，就是捕蝇草。
The Venus flytrap actually moves to capture its prey or parts of it do anyway.
捕蝇草在捕捉猎物的时候会真的动起来，或者，不管怎么样，它的某些部位会活动起来。
Its leaves, it has special leaves that are hinged in the middle,
捕蝇草长着很特别的叶子，会在中间折合起来。
the two halves of the leaves open and close sort of like a mouth to catch insects.
这些叶子的两半通过开开合合来捕捉昆虫，就像一张嘴一样。
And on these leaves is a sweet nectar that attracts insects.
在这些叶子上有一种能够吸引昆虫的甜甜的花蜜。
Insects like the sweet stuff. And when they get lured in and land on the leaf, wham! The leaf springs shut.
昆虫很喜欢这种甜甜的东西。而一旦它们被引诱着落在了叶子上，“砰”地一下，叶子就会闭合起来。
It's an active trap. And the insect springs it so to speak.
这就是一个主动陷阱。而且可以说是昆虫使它闭合起来的。
The leaf quickly closes and forms a little cage, trapping the insect between the leaves.
叶子快速闭合形成了一个小小的笼子，把昆虫困在了叶子之间。
The Venus flytrap is then able to digest the insect and get its nutrients.
然后捕蝇草就可以把昆虫消化掉并得到它的营养物质了。
But other carnivorous plants, their methods are passive.
但是其他的食肉植物，它们的方法是被动的。
They don't have any moving parts to trap things.
它们并没有任何可以活动的部位来困住东西。
They have passive traps, like the sundew plant.
它们有被动陷阱，像茅膏菜一样。
The sundew plant also produces a sweet nectar that attracts insects.
茅膏菜也会分泌出一种能够吸引昆虫的甜甜的花蜜。
Its leaves are full of little hairs that secrete the sweet substance.
它的叶子上长满了能够分泌甜蜜物质的毫毛。
But what happens when insects land on sundew's leaves to get the sweet nectar?
不过，当昆虫落在茅膏菜的叶子上想要吃掉这些甜甜的花蜜时，会发生什么呢？
Well, unfortunately for the insects, the hairs on the leaves also produce a super sticky glue-like substance.
对这些昆虫来说很不幸的是，叶子上的这些毫毛同时也分泌出了一种超级黏的，像胶一样的物质。
So an insect gets stuck and can't fly away.
于是昆虫会被困在那儿，没有办法飞走。
It basically get glued there allowing the sundew to digest it and absorb nutrients.
它基本上会一直被黏在那儿，以便于茅膏菜将它消化并吸收营养物质。
