评论
打印
Now listen to part of the lecture on the topic you just read about.
现在来听一段有关你刚刚听到的话题的演讲。
As much as we would like to have remains of actual dinosaur tissue, there are sound reasons for being skeptical of the identifications made in the reading.
尽管我们非常想要拥有真实的恐龙组织的遗骸，有合理的理由对文章中的鉴定表示怀疑。
First, the soft flexible substance inside the bone channels isn't necessarily the remains of blood vessels.
首先，骨通道内柔软有弹性的物质不一定就是血管的遗骸。
It's much more likely to be something else. Like what, you might say.
它更可能是别的东西。比如什么？你们可能会说。
Well, long after an organisms is died, bacteria sometimes colonize hollows, empty areas in bones, like the channels that once held in blood vessels.
嗯，一个有机体死亡很久之后，细菌可能会占领空洞，骨头内的空地，比如曾经约束血管的骨通道。
When bacteria live inside the bones, they often leave behind the traces of the organic material.
当细菌住进了骨头里面后，它们常常会留下有机物质的痕迹。
What's the researchers in the reading are identifying as blood vessels might just be traces soft and moist residues left by bacteria colonies.
在阅读部分研究人员鉴定为血管的东西很可能只是菌落留下的湿软残渣的痕迹。
All right, what about the iron-filled spheres.
好吧，那么那些含铁的球体呢？
Well, the problem is that scientists found identical reddish spheres in fossils of other animals found in the same place.
嗯，问题是科学家们在其他动物化石的相同地方发现了相同的红色球体。
That includes fossils of primitive animals that didn't have any red blood cells when they were alive.
那包括在活着的时候没有红血球的原始动物的化石。。
Clearly, if these spheres appear in organisms that did not have any red blood cells, then the spheres cannot be the remains of red blood cells.
显然，如果这些球体出现在没有任何血红细胞的有机体里，那么球体就不可能是红血球的残骸。
The spheres probably have a very different origin.
这些球体可能有非常不一样的起源。
They are probably just pieces of reddish mineral.
它们可能只是一些红色矿物质。
Third, the collagen.
第三，胶原蛋白。
The problem is that we have never found collagen in animal remains that are older than one hundred thousand years.
问题在于我们从来没有在老于十万年的动物遗体中发现胶原蛋白。
Collagen probably cannot last longer than that.
胶原蛋白可能不能保存得更久。
Finding collagen from an animal that lived seventy million years ago would really contradict our ideas about how long collagen can last.
在生活在七千万年前的动物里发现胶原蛋白是同我们对于胶原蛋白存在时间认识相矛盾的。
It is just too improbable.
这实在是太不可能了。
The most likely explanation for the presence of the collagen is that it doesn't come from the T.rex, but from another much more recent source.
胶原蛋白的出现最可能的解释是它不是来自于霸王龙，而是来自另一种更近期的来源。
For example, human skin contains collagen, so the collagen may have come from the skin of the researchers who are handling the bone.
比如，人类的皮肤中含有胶原蛋白，所以这些胶原蛋白可能来自于处理这些骨头的研究人员的皮肤。
