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BBC迷你剧《新福尔摩斯》精讲第20期:掌握足够的信息很重要

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一.ago:adv. 以前
【词义辨析】
ago,before
ago: 指从现在起往前推算一段时间,始终置于所修饰的词之后,与一般过去时连用。
before: 或指从过去某一时间起向前推算的若干时间的以前,通常与过去完成时连用;或泛指以前,并不具体指若干时间以前,可使用现在完成的或过去时;还可指从将来某一时间起的若干时间以前。
【词语用法】
ago所适用的时态:
通常来说,ago用于过去时态,不能用于完成时态,如不能说She has seen him a week ago,只能说She saw him a week ago。
ago只有在有助动词或分词、动名词或不定式的形式中才能用完成时态。
She must have seen him a week ago.
She cannot have seen him a week ago.
Having seen him a week ago, she is always thinking of him.
She seems to have seen him a week ago.
有时当语气强调“早已……”时,也可用完成时态。
I have long ago given up that habit.
ago与before的比较:
表示“早于现在多少时间前”,用ago。
He started five minutes ago.
表示“早于过去某时多少时间前”,通常用before。不过英美人也有用ago,觉得语气比较生动。
He told me he had seen her a few minutes before.
表示“早于将来某时多少时间前”,也用before。
When you call at the shop again this afternoon, you may be told that the book has been sold only a few minutes before.
表示“早于任何某时(不是现在、过去或将来的某时)多少时间前”,仍用before。
He often forgets what he has heard only a few minutes before.
ago后面带从句时,可以接that 引导的从句,而不可以用since。
He died 20years ago.(不带从句)
It is 20 years since he died.(not ago)
It was 20 years ago that he died.(带从句)
注意在as long ago as 1864等表达方式中,第二个as后面没有in。通常说as long as forty years,不说as long ago as forty years;
句子She died three years ago next Monday指“她在3年前的下周一去世”,而句子It happened a fortnight ago tomorrow指“这事发生在13天以前”。“刚过去的第二个晚上”常用 two evenings ago来表示。
【例句用法】
1.It happened quite some time ago.
那是很久以前的事。
2.They were supposed to be here an hour ago.
他们应该在一小时以前到达这里。
3.The population has increased from 1.2 million 10 years ago to 1.8 million now.
人口从10年前的120万已增加到现在的180万。
4.All that happened many moons ago.
那一切都发生在很久以前。
二.intend:vt. 想要,打算,意指
【词义辨析】
intend,mean
intend: 较正式用词,但常用,指对未来的行动做出打算,并力争实现。
mean: 口语多用,指怀有作某事的想法或希望得到某物,特别用于效果不好而动机良好的场合。
【词语用法】
intend后面多接不定式,而少用动名词,如I intend to go的格式比较常见;
当intend后面有宾语时,也多用不定式。
I intend him to do it at once.
我打算让他立刻着手做这事。
当表达“打算的事未实现”的意思时,不用虚拟语气,而仅需体现“打算”这个动作较早。
I had intended to come, but was prevented by the bad weather.
关闭更多用法说明
错句举例与错句分析
错句:Far better to leave the surfaces decently painted as they were originally intended.
纠正:Far better to leave the surfaces decently painted as they were originally intended to be.
翻译:远不如把表面适当地油漆一下,就像原来打算的那样。
分析:不可用they were intended painted,而是they were intended to be painted。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
minutes ['minits]

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n. 会议记录,(复数)分钟

 
irritate ['iriteit]

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v. 激怒,使 ... 发怒,使疼痛或发炎

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intended [in'tendid]

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adj. 故意的,有意的;打算中的 n. 已订婚者 v.

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population [.pɔpju'leiʃən]

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n. 人口 ,(全体)居民,人数

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alter ['ɔ:ltə]

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v. 改变,更改,阉割,切除

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obvious ['ɔbviəs]

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adj. 明显的,显然的

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intend [in'tend]

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vt. 想要,计划,打算,意指

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recipient [ri'sipiənt]

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n. 接受者,收信人

 

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