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可可词汇课堂第278期:喜剧

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file
A line of persons, animals, or things positioned one behind the other
To march or walk in a line
n.行列;【军】纵列
vi.排成纵队行进

例句
A file of passengers was coming down the steps.
旅客鱼贯走下阶梯。
They filed past the grave of the national hero.
他们排成纵队走过那位民族英雄的坟墓。

defile foul肮脏的,不洁的,污秽的
To make filthy or dirty; pollute: defile a river with sewage.
To debase the pureness or excellence of; corrupt: a country landscape that was defiled by urban sprawl.
To profane or sully (a reputation, for example).
To make unclean or unfit for ceremonial use; desecrate: defile a temple.
To violate the chastity of.
To march in single file or in files or columns.
A narrow gorge or pass that restricts lateral movement, as of troops.
A march in a line.
vt. 污损,弄脏;染污
n. 狭谷;隘路
vi. 以纵队前进

例句
The girl's reputation was defiled by malicious gossips.
那位姑娘的名誉因为恶毒的流言蜚语而受损。
The troops had to defile through the pass.
部队只得排成单列通过关口。

profile
A side view of an object or structure, especially of the human head. A representation of an object or structure seen from the side. See Synonyms at form.
An outline of an object. See Synonyms at outline.
Degree of exposure to public notice; visibility: preferred to keep a low profile.
A biographical essay presenting the subject's most noteworthy characteristics and achievements.
To draw or shape a profile of.
To produce a profile of.
n. 侧面;轮廓;外形;剖面;[美国英语]对一个人的能力、个性的简要描述;传略;简况;人物简介

短语:
high profile 鲜明的姿态
low profile
低姿态;有节奏的慎重态度;不惹人注意;不出头露面[亦作 low silhouette]

例句:
The old trees were profiled against the pale sky.
苍天映衬出老树的轮廓。

filar
Of or relating to a thread.
Having fine threads across the field of view for measuring small distances, as in the eyepiece of a telescope.
adj. 丝的;丝状的

filament
A fine or thinly spun thread, fiber, or wire.
Botany. The stalk that bears the anther in a stamen. A chainlike series of cells, as in many algae.
A fine wire heated electrically to incandescence in an electric lamp. Electronics. A high-resistance wire or ribbon forming the cathode in some thermionic tubes.
n. 灯丝;细丝;细线;单纤维

词源小故事

Comedy 喜剧

约在两千年前,古希腊有一个节目,叫做komos,这一天,人们载歌载舞,狂欢尽兴,一直到晚饭后以火把游行而告结束。这种喜庆活动是多利安人发起的,他们是古希腊人的一支,主要居住在伯罗奔尼撒半岛、克里特岛等地,以粗犷放荡闻名。因此,早期的狂欢活动大都是些放荡的内容。参加活动的主要歌手当时叫komoidos,即现在的“comedian(喜剧演员)”。英语的comedy就是从komoidos这个希腊词来的。

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debase [di'beis]

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v. 贬低,贬损,(使货币)贬值

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profane [prə'fein]

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adj. 亵渎的,不敬神的,世俗的 vt. 亵渎,玷污

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stalk [stɔ:k]

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n. 茎,梗
n. 跟踪,高视阔步

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corrupt [kə'rʌpt]

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adj. 腐败的,堕落的
vt. 使 ...

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thread [θred]

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n. 线,细丝,线索,思路,螺纹
vt. 穿线

 
botany ['bɔtəni]

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n. 植物学,植物

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urban ['ə:bən]

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adj. 城市的,都市的

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landscape ['lændskeip]

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n. 风景,山水,风景画
v. 美化景观

 
desecrate ['desikreit]

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vt. 亵渎,污辱

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produce [prə'dju:s]

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n. 产品,农作物
vt. 生产,提出,引起,

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