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Dr Karlsson is part of
卡森教授是2005年狗基因组
the team that in 2005 mapped the dog genome,
绘制团队的成员
All 2.4 billion letters of the dog's DNA code.
这种狗的DNA码 有24亿个字母
Once we had the dog genome sequence,
一旦我们知道了基因组序列
we could design a gene chip, which would allow us to compare
我们就可以设计基因芯片 让我们可以
all of our sick dogs and our healthy dogs
把那些生病的狗和健康的狗做比较
and find the genes that are causing diseases.
找到那些引起疾病的基因
Using a genotyping machine, Dr. Karlsson
利用基因分型设备 卡森博士
is able to simultaneously analyse thousands of regions of DNA
可以同时分析取自生病的 和健康的拳师狗
From boxers with and without cardiomyopathy.
的数千个区域的DNA
What you see when you compare sick dogs to healthy dogs
把生病的狗和健康的狗相比较
and go across the genome from chromosome one
从染色体一比较
to chromosome two and across is that most of the points
到染色体二 看到大多数的点
are right near zero and there's not a lot
都很接近零 就是说在病狗和健康狗之间
of differences between the healthy dogs and the sick dogs,
这些基因没有明显的不同
Until you get to chromosome 17, and there
直到我们看到染色体17的地方
all of a sudden you have a huge number of differences.
这里的数据突然出现了很大的差别
This is exciting, because this means
这很让人兴奋 因为这意味着
this is the region of the
正是基因组的这个区域
genome that holds the gene causing our disease.
含有引起疾病的基因
Karlsson's team have honed
卡森的团队锁定这个区域
in on this region to pinpoint the exact gene.
精确的找到了致病基因
We've found a gene related to sudden cardiac death.
我们发现了一种与心脏病猝死有关的基因
We think there's another one
我们认为还会有另外一个基因
because we haven't told the whole story yet.
因为我们还不能完全解释病症是如何发生的
But we think we know what the
但是我们相信
mutation is in that gene causing the disease.
那个基因的突变导致了这类疾病
Now the mutation has been identified,
现在突变的基因找到了
the team have been able
这个团队可以着手
to locate the corresponding gene in humans.
在人类身上定位类似的基因
It's accelerated a process that,
这样就加速了整个过程
without dogs, could have taken decades.
而如果没有狗狗 这可能要花费数十年时间
