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财富精英励志演讲 第140期:未来的路(8)

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Overall, the international financial authorities have handled this crisis the same way as previous ones: They bailed out the failing institutions and applied monetary and fiscal stimulus. But this crisis was much bigger and, at first, the same techniques did not work. The rescue of Lehman Brothers failed. That was a game-changing event: financial markets actually ceased to function and had to be put on artificial life support. This meant that governments had to effectively guarantee that no other institution whose failure could endanger the system would be allowed to fail. That is when the crisis spread to the periphery because periphery countries could not provide equally credible guarantees. This time it was Eastern Europe that was the worst hit. The countries at the center used the balance sheets of their central banks to pump money into the system and to guarantee the liabilities of commercial banks, and governments engaged in deficit financing to stimulate the economy on an unprecedented scale.

总的来讲,国际金融权威机构处理这一危机的方式与以往没什么两样:它们挽救濒临垮台的金融机构,实行货币及财政刺激政策。但这次危机规模却大得多,而且刚开始时同样的措施并未奏效,对雷曼兄弟的挽救没有成功。在这个事件中游戏规则改变了:金融市场实际上已停止运转,且不得不依赖人工生命保障系统。这就意味着各国政府必须切实保证不会让其他可能危及这个体系的机构垮台的现象再次发生。正是此时,危机蔓延到了外沿,因为边缘国无法提供同样可靠的保证。这一次,东欧所遭受的打击最惨重。中心国运用中央银行的资产负债表该体系注入资金,为商业银行进行债务担保,且政府为刺激经济和解决赤字问题所采取措施也达到了空前的规模。
These measures have been successful and the global economy appears to be stabilizing. There is a growing belief that the global financial system has once again escaped collapse and we are slowly returning to business as usual. This, in my opinion, is a grave misinterpretation of the current situation. Humpty Dumpty cannot be put together again. Let me explain why.
这些措施成效明显,全球经济看来正趋于稳定。人们慢慢开始相信,全球金融体系再次逃脱了崩溃的厄运,我们正在慢慢回到正常的商业生活中。实际上,我认为这是对当时局势严重的错误判断,已经破碎的不可能再拼在一起。下面我来解释为什么。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
engage [in'geidʒ]

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v. 答应,预定,使忙碌,雇佣,订婚

 
scale [skeil]

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n. 鳞,刻度,衡量,数值范围
v. 依比例决

 
collapse [kə'læps]

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n. 崩溃,倒塌,暴跌
v. 倒塌,崩溃,瓦解

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commercial [kə'mə:ʃəl]

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adj. 商业的
n. 商业广告

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credible ['kredəbl]

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adj. 可信的,可靠的

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liquidity [li'kwidəiti]

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n. 流动性;流动资产;偿债能力

 
stimulate ['stimjuleit]

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vt. 刺激,激励,鼓舞
vi. 起刺激作用

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overall [əuvə'rɔ:l]

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adj. 全部的,全体的,一切在内的
adv.

 
fiscal ['fiskəl]

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adj. 财政的,国库的

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endanger [in'deindʒə]

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vt. 危及,危害

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