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Various sugars and sweeteners are found in the US food system.
美国的食品体系中有各种各样的糖和甜味剂的成分，
And everyday we consume many of these products.
我们每天都消费众多这类产品，
You will learn general facts about frequently used and consumed sugars and sweeteners
在今天的课上，我们会学习常用的糖和甜味剂，
as well as information about any risks associated with these products.
以及与这些产品的副作用相关的信息
Lastly consumption recommendations will be identified.
最后，我们将会就糖和甜味剂产品的摄入提出一些建议，
After this presentation
通过本次讲座，
you should be able to recall common products and uses of sweetening agents within the food system.
你将会对食品体系中常见的甜味剂极其用法有所了解
Its an important skill you can easily apply to your everyday life
在日常生活中有一项技能十分重要，
is the ability to identify the sugars and sweeteners in the food products you will consume.
那就是在日常摄入的食品中辨别出糖和甜味剂
Evaluating products can also allow you to discriminate
这种鉴别产品的技能也能帮助你区别
that are associated with risks and negative outcomes versus products that are not.
那些有风险及副作用的产品以及无害的产品，
Here are some basic definitions for you to know about the subject of sweeteners.
要想了解甜味剂，我们需要知道一些基本概念
Added sugars are sugars that are not found in the food naturally.
首先，添加糖指的就是那些并非自然存在于食品中的糖
It can be eaten separately or as an ingredient in food.
它可以单独服用也可以添加在食品中一同服用
An example would be granulated sugar added to chocolate chip cookie recipe or sugar in a regular soda.
比如在巧克力棒饼干中加入的砂糖或者在苏打水中加入的糖
Non nutritive sweeteners contain little to no energy and have a limited effect on blood sugar.
非营养性甜味剂几乎不含能量，其对血糖的影响也十分有限
These sweeteners have a high intensity sweetening power
这些甜味剂有高强度的增甜功能，
and usually are combined with a bulking agent.
并且通常情况下
Nutritive sweeteners provide a sweet taste while containing calories or energy.
与催化剂一同使用，而营养性甜味剂则在提供甜味的同时还含有卡路里和能量
ADI or acceptable daily intake level is the recommended standard used when referring to sweeteners.
说到甜味剂我们还会提到一日摄取允许量这一概念，也就是每日的标准建议摄入量，
This is considered a safe amount with no risk.
也就是无风险的安全摄入量，
Sugar free is any product that does not contain sugar as a sweetening agent.
无糖产品指的是任何不含糖类甜味剂产品
The sweetening agent usually provides less energy than sugar.
甜味剂通常比糖的能量低
Artificial means the product was developed by man and is not found naturally in the world.
人工意味着该产品是人为制造的，而非源于自然
Before we discuss the sugars and sweeteners and the research
在我们探讨糖和甜味剂以及相关的研究之前，
we will examine think about what products you frequently use that contain added sugar or sweeteners.
我们先来看一下我们日常所用的产品中哪些含有添加糖或甜味剂，
Now lets discuss sugars and sweeteners that you can find in your grocery store.
下面我们来讨论在杂货店中能找到的糖和甜味剂
Added sugars are added to the food we eat.
添加糖是添加在我们的日常饮食中的
They are considered non natural and are added during the production of food products,
它们是非自然的，是在产品生产过程中添加到产品中的
non natural sugars include the added sugar in soda and cookies.
非自然糖类包括苏打水和饼干中添加的糖，
In general these sugars contain 4 calories per gram which is equivalent to 16 calories per teaspoon.
通常情况下，这些糖的能量为每克四卡路里，相当于一汤匙含16卡路里，
Molasses is the least refined form of cane or beet sugar.
糖蜜是加工成分最低的蔗糖和甜菜糖
It is produced in the first steps of processing sugar.
是在糖加工过程中的最初阶段生产出来的
