评论
打印
According to the FDA there is no apparent evidence
根据FDA报告显示，没有明确证据表明
that Aspartame is a carcinogen or DNA damaging chemical.
阿斯巴甜是一种致癌或者损害DNA的化学物质
A carcinogen is a chemical that can cause direct damage to DNA or promote increased cell replication.
致癌物是一种能直接对DNA造成损伤或能够促进细胞复制的化学物质
Animal studies showed no risk of cancer even at high doses of Aspartame.
动物实验表明，即便是高剂量的阿斯巴甜也不会增加患癌几率
DNA assay tests did not show any DNA damage effects of Aspartame.
DNA分析实验并未显示，阿斯巴甜能够损害DNA，
Through the mass media Aspartame has been claimed to cause brain tumours.
尽管舆论认为阿斯巴甜能导致脑肿瘤
This association was made because the rate of brain tumours simultaneously increased
人们之所以这样认为是因为脑肿瘤患病几率开始增加的时候，
when Aspartame was introduced into the market.
正是阿斯巴甜引入市场之时
For any chemical to cause a health effect such as a tumour
对于任何一种化学物质而言，
it would have to act on the body for a significant amount of time,
要造成肿瘤等健康问题都需要长期作用于身体
therefore Aspartame would not instantly cause brain tumours
因此阿斯巴甜不会立即造成脑肿瘤，
and research has shown that it is not even associated with brain tumours after long term exposure.
研究表明，即便是长时间接触阿斯巴甜也不会造成脑瘤
Aspartame was also claimed to be associated with an increase in the rate of breast cancer.
人们还认为阿斯巴甜会增加罹患乳腺癌的可能性
This is now considered not feasible
但这其实也是不可信的
because the rate of breast cancer increased before the introduction of Aspartame into the food system.
因为乳腺癌的患病几率在阿斯巴甜进入市场之前就已开始上升
Also the rate of breast cancer has been declining in the last few years.
除此之外，在过去的几年中乳腺癌的发病率已经有所下降
In a study by Limm et al the consumption of
在莱姆等人进行的研究中
Aspartame containing beverages and incidents of types of brain cancer were analyzed.
研究人员分析了摄入含阿斯巴甜的饮品和脑瘤患病率之间的关系
Questionnaires were used to evaluate the final 470000 participants' nutritional intake.
研究人员里利用调查问卷来评估47万参与者的营养摄入
This included a food frequency questionnaire two 24 hour recalls
其中包括一张进食频率问卷24小时内两次电话回访，
and a survey to evaluate possible consumption of Aspartame containing beverages.
以及一项研究来评估人们可能摄入的含有阿斯巴甜的饮品
The rate of brain cancer was analyzed through the cancer registries of the 8 states the participants were from.
脑瘤的发病率由调查参与者来自的八个州的癌症检验机构负责分析和检验
The general categories of cancer studies were hemopoitic and gliomas.
一般的癌症研究包括血细胞生成和神经胶质瘤检查
These are the results from the analyses between the risk of the two types of brain cancer
这就是关于两种脑癌的发病率
and the intake of aspartame through beverages these intakes include data from both men and women.
和通过饮料摄取阿斯巴甜之间的关系研究的数据样本，包括男性样本和女性样本
The relative risk of men represents the reference value.
而男性患病的几率起到参照作用
The reference value of one represents no risk of cancer from Aspartame.
一个样本的参照价值代表其由于摄入阿斯巴甜而患癌的风险为零
Overall the relative risks of each intake level did not show an increased risk for either hemopoitic or gliomas.
总体来说，每个等级的摄入量都不会增加造血细胞和神经胶质瘤的患病几率
This means the relative risk values did not vary enough
这就意味着相对风险值的区分不够大，
to conclude that Aspartame was clearly associated with brain cancer.
不足以表明阿斯巴甜与脑癌之间有明显的关系，
It said the differences are probably due to chance.
而这些差异可能是由巧合造成的
