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Ivy League
常春藤联盟
Ivy League is the name generally applied to eight institutions of higher learning- Brown，Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Pennsylvania, Princeton, and Yale University.
常春藤联盟通常是指美国东部八所高校一布朗大学、哥伦比亚大学、康奈尔大学、达特茅斯学院、哈佛大学、宾夕法尼亚大学、普林斯顿大学和耶鲁大学。
The Ivies are all in the Northeast geographic region of the United States.
"常春藤 盟校"成员均位于美国东北部，
All eight schools receive millions of dollars in research grants and other subsidies from federal and state government.
均从联邦政府和州政府方面获得上千万的研究经费和津贴。
Seven of the eight schools were founded during America's colonial period;
8所学校中的7所是在美国殖民时期建立的，
the exception is Cornell which was founded in 1865.
只有康奈尔大学例外，成立于1865年。
Ivy League institutions, therefore, count for seven of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution.
因此，美国独立战争之前建立的9所殖民地大学中，常春藤盟校就占了 7所。
Stanley Woodward, New York Herald Tribune sports writer, coined the phrase in 1937.
《纽约先驱论坛报》体育新闻记者斯坦利·伍德沃德先生于1937年创造了此名词。
In 1936，the undergraduate newspapers of these universities simultaneously ran an editorial advocating the formation of an "Ivy League"，
1936年，八所高校的本科生报纸同时刊登了一篇社论，表示要成立常春藤联盟，
but the first move toward this end was not taken until 1945.
但这个建议直到1945年才被采纳。
In that year, the eight presidents entered into an agreement
1945年，八所学校的校长达成共识：
"for the purpose of reaffirming their intention of continuing intercollegiate football in such a way as to maintain the values of the game, while keeping it in fitting proportion to the main purposes of academic life."
"希望通过这种方式，重申继续校际橄揽球交流的目的，以维系比赛的价值; 同时，在以学术为主要目的大学生活中，体育比赛所占比例要把握得当。"
To achieve this objective, two inter-university committees were appointed: one, made up primarily of the college deans, was to administer rules of eligibility; the other, composed of the athletic directors，was to establish policies on the length of the playing season and of preseason practice, operating budgets, and related matters. Two other interuniversity committees on admission and financial aid were added later.
为了实现这个目标，成立了两 个校际委员会:一个主要由校长组成，负责监督资格管理规章制度；另一个由体育方面的董事组成，负责出台赛季和赛前练习的长度、经营预算以及其他相关事宜。后来， 又增加了人学录取和财政援助方面的校际委员会。
