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Dr. Wagner raise this question earlier this afternoon
下午早些时候 Wagner医生提过的问题
I'm going to raise it again
我准备再次提出
Because it requires that we rethink how a cell works in order to get a clean answer to what's going on here
我们需要明白细胞如何工作才能很好了解这里的情况
How can a single nutrient act in so many different systems and tissues and produce such a wide variety of effects?
这一种营养素如何在这么多系统和组织中工作并产生如此多的效果
So I'm going to step this through in a very oversimplified fashion
我只非常简单地过一遍
I'm not a cell biologist and so I've had to make a simple enough that I can grasp it
我不是研究细胞生物学的，我只能按我理解的简单讲下
But if there are some cell biologist here and I commit to some degree errors I trust that you to correct me or forgive me or both
如果我犯了错误，还请在座的细胞生物学家见谅并欢迎纠正我的错误
We start with 1,25D which we recognize now for 30 years
从被研究了30多年的1,25D开始
It's the active end of the vitamin D molecule
它是维生素D分子的活性末端
In the cell, it combine with a protein called the vitamin D receptor
细胞内，它同维生素D受体蛋白结合
And that form is what's called a heterodimer with the retinoid X receptor also binding retinoid
这个形态称为异源二聚体，再同视黄素X受体结合，该受体还结合视黄素
So vitamin A plays a crucial role in this
维生素A在这里扮演重要角色
and too much or too little can be harmful for how the vit D system works
太多或太少都会对维生素D系统工作产生危害
Now this complex combining with a number of other helper proteins then goes into the nucleus where binds to the genome in vitamin D response elements
复杂的辅助蛋白结合过程后，然后进入细胞核同基因组结合，通过维生素D反应元件
That result in transcription of the information encoded in those genes and the production of a variety of cell constituent proteins
这导致基因内信息编码的转录并产生各种细胞组成蛋白
You saw some of them listed this morning by Cedric Garland
其中一些早上Cedric Garland就列出过
