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Absent any force to back it up, the Brezhnev Doctrine of 1968 was dead as a doornail before it turned fifteen.
没有任何的后援力量，1968年的勃列日涅夫学说还没走到第15个年头，就已经僵死了
One year later, on November 10, 1982, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev went to his eternal reward, succeeded by the 68 year old KGB chief Yuri Andropov.
一年后，1982年11月10日，勃列日涅夫永别世界 68岁的苏联国家安全委员会首领尤里·安德洛波夫继任
Andropov, who had helped suppress a Hungarian Revolution back in 1956, had big ideas for saving the Soviet Union.
安德洛波夫，早在1956年曾经帮助镇压过匈牙利的革命，他有着挽救苏联的宏伟构想
But he was already in poor health, and he lasted only sixteen months in office dying on February 9, 1984.
但当时他的健康状况已经很差，在位仅仅16个月，就于1984年2月9日辞世
Andropov's successor, a 73 year old Brezhnev crony named Konstantin Chernenko, lasted until March 10, 1985.
他的继任者，勃列日涅夫的密友73岁的康斯坦丁·契尔年科一直执政到1985年3月10日
By that time it was clear even to the old coots on the Soviet Politburo that the Soviet gerontocracy deseperately needed shaking up.
在那之前即便是苏联政治局的老家伙都看得出来苏联的老人政府亟待改革
And a drastic shakeup is what they got.
他们的确得到了激烈的改革
Segment 25d Fall of the Soviet Empire
25段第四部分，苏维埃帝国的衰落
On March 11, 1985 54 year old Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1985年3月11日，54岁的米哈伊尔·谢尔盖耶维奇·戈尔巴乔夫当选为苏联共产党总书记
