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I'm the fourth of five children raised by a single mother in a rough neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York.
我是一位单身母亲五个孩子中的第四个，我们在纽约布鲁克林一个混乱的街区生活。
We never owned a home, a car, a washing machine, and for most of my childhood, we didn't even have a telephone.
我们从未拥有过一个家，一辆车，或是一个洗衣机，在我童年的大部分时间，我们甚至没有一部电话。
So I was highly motivated to understand the relationship between business success and Scrappers,
因此我有很强的意愿去理解生意场的成功和“拳击手”的关联，
because my life could easily have turned out very differently.
因为我的人生很容易就会发展出不同的结局。
As I met successful business people and read profiles of high-powered leaders, I noticed some commonality.
我见过成功的商人，也阅读过具备出色领导能力的人的资料，我发现了其中的一些共性。
Many of them had experienced early hardships, anywhere from poverty, abandonment,
他们中的很多人经历过早年的困顿，可能是贫穷，被抛弃，
death of a parent while young, to learning disabilities, alcoholism and violence.
亲人的早逝，也可能是学习障碍，酗酒和暴力。
The conventional thinking has been that trauma leads to distress, and there's been a lot of focus on the resulting dysfunction.
传统的思维认为创伤会导致痛苦，而且还重点强调了失败的结果。
But during studies of dysfunction, data revealed an unexpected insight:
但在我研究这些不成功的案例期间，得到的数据却揭示了一个出乎意料的结论：
that even the worst circumstances can result in growth and transformation.
即便是最糟的境遇也能导致成长和转变。
A remarkable and counterintuitive phenomenon has been discovered, which scientists call Post Traumatic Growth.
一个显著但有悖常理的现象已经被发现了，科学家们称之为“创后成长”。
