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Ted Bundy is back in the spotlight and with him comes renewed speculation as to
泰德·邦迪又回到了聚光灯下，随之而来的还有各种猜测—
why the smart, attractive, successful law student brutally murdered at least 30 people.
为什么聪明迷人又成功的法学生会残忍地杀害至少30人？
Of course, as most of us are not deemed psychopathic, it can be difficult to understand from our perspective.
当然我们大部分人都不是精神变态者，所以很难从我们的角度去了解。
Bundy did what he did partially because he lacked reason.
邦迪这样做，部分原因是他缺乏理智。
For people like Bundy, subverting ethical norms can be reason enough,
像邦迪这样的人，颠覆道德规范可能就足以成为他的理由，
yet even a heart as cold as terrible Ted's may have been at some point warm.
但像邦迪这样冷血的人可能也有温柔的一面。
Serial killers are created the same way as everyone else but many things go wrong in the process.
连环杀手和其他人以同一种方式被创造出来，但是在这个过程中很多事情都会出错。
Here are eight reasons why Ted Bundy became a psychopath.
以下是泰德·邦迪为什么会变成精神病患者的8个原因。
1. Genetics.
1. 遗传。
It's been long debated whether nature or nurture, genetics or upbringing causes psychopathy.
长期以来，人们一直在争论是先天还是后天，是遗传还是后天培养导致了精神病。
But nature and nurture are not in competition, they are partners.
但先天和后天并非竞争关系，它们是伙伴关系。
Together they generate the antisocial traits that define the disorder. The answer then is both.
它们一起产生了定义这种障碍的反社会特征。那么答案是两者兼而有之。
Some killers have abnormal brain chemistry due to a defect in the MAO-A Gene,
由于单胺氧化酶A基因（MAO-A）的缺陷，一些杀手有异常的脑化学反应，
which causes among other psychopathic benchmarks: hyper sexuality and violent impulses.
而这导致了心理变态的基准——性欲亢奋和暴力冲动。
However, this genetic defect does not necessitate criminal behavior.
然而这一遗传缺陷并非犯罪行为的必要因素。
Most people with MAO-A deficiency do not become killers, this requires an extra push.
大多数缺乏MAO-A的人都不会成为杀手，这还需要额外的推力。
2. Trauma.
2. 创伤。
Here is where nurture comes into play.
在此后天起到了作用。
A handful of psychopathic murderers sustained traumatic injuries when they were children.
少数精神病杀人犯在童年时都遭受了外伤。
Like Albert Fish who at age 7 fell out of a cherry tree,
亚伯特·费雪7岁时从樱桃树上跌下，
as a result Fish suffered from dizziness and headaches for the rest of his life until he was executed for killing children.
因此费雪下半生都伴随着眩晕和头痛，直到他因杀害儿童而被处决。
An autopsy of Ted Bundy's brain discovered no signs of trauma
对泰德·邦迪大脑的尸检没有发现任何外伤迹象，
but later research into MAO-A concluded that Bundy might have been a victim.
但之后对MAO-A的研究发现邦迪或许曾是受害者。
If this were the case, the genes latent violence would have needed a traumatic catalyst
如果是这样，那么潜在的暴力基因将需要一个创伤催化剂。
But trauma isn't always physical. Bundy had a childhood marred with turbulent events,
但创伤并不总是身体上的。邦迪的童年充满了动乱，
when such events are experienced by someone with MAO-A deficiency, a killer cocktail may result.
当一个缺乏MAO-A的人经历这类事情后，一个杀手就诞生了。
3. Family and environment.
3. 家庭和环境。
Nothing has more influence on a child's development than his or her family.
没有什么比家庭对孩子的成长影响更大的了。
At an early age Bundy was entangled in a domestic conspiracy that made him believe that his grandparents were actually his parents.
邦迪很小的时候就卷入了一场家庭阴谋，他相信祖父母实际上是他的父母。
Not only that but he was told his mother was his sister. His family's true identity was hidden from Bundy for many years.
不仅如此，他还被告知他的妈妈是他的姐姐。多年来，邦迪都不知道家人的真实身份。
This was to protect the reputation of Bundy's actual mother who was young and unwed.
这是为了保护邦迪生母的名誉，她是一位年轻的未婚女性。
Bundy never knew his father, nobody does. His identity was never determined.
邦迪不知道自己的父亲是谁，没人知道。他的身份一直没有确认。
As a result, Bundy grew up resentful and mistrustful of the people who should have inspired absolute trust.
因此，邦迪在成长过程中对那些本应得到绝对信任的人充满怨恨和不信任。
4. Isolation.
4. 孤立。
After Bundy's real mother came clean, she moved herself and Ted out of the House of Lies.
在邦迪的亲生母亲坦白之后，她自己带着泰德离开了这个谎言之家。
She wanted to give her son a fresh chance at a normal life,
她想给儿子一个过正常生活的新机会，
so she changed her identity yet again to separate her and Ted from her parents.
所以她再一次改变了自己的身份，将自己和泰德与她的父母分隔开来。
This was further realized when she married a man named Johnny Culpepper Bundy who gave Ted the name for which he'd be known.
这一点在她嫁给一个叫强尼·卡尔佩珀·邦迪的男人后得到了进一步的体现，他给了泰德一个众所周知的名字。
However, Ted's mother and Johnny had four of their own children and they monopolized their parents attention.
但泰德的母亲和强尼有了四个属于自己的孩子，他们独占了父母的关注。
Ted's frustration mounted as the very person that had him unwillingly separated from his parental figures now neglected him,
泰德越来越沮丧，因为正是这个人不顾他的意愿把他与父母的角色分离，现在却又忽视了他，
and as a result he withdrew.
因此他退出了。
Already pathologically shy, Ted distanced himself from his family and peers and took refuge in a fantasy world
已经害羞到病态的特德疏远了他的家人和同伴，在一个虚幻的世界里寻求庇护，
where he wasn't a powerless victim of circumstance. In his mind he could be anything he wanted.
在那里他不再是环境下无能为力的受害者。在他看来，他可以成为任何他想成为的人。
5. Fantasy
5. 幻想。
But Bundy's fantasy could not be sustained. He needed reality to take the shape of his ideal.
但邦迪的幻想无法持续。他需要现实来塑造他的理想。
Like so many troubled youths, he did this by acting out.
和很多问题青年一样，他通过行动实现这一点。
A teenaged Bundy started shoplifting, breaking into cars and peeping into windows.
青年时期的邦迪开始入店行窃，闯入汽车并偷窥窗户。
Ironically, this was happening while Bundy was finally succeeding at life.
讽刺的是，此时的邦迪最终实现了生活上的成功。
He had become a popular student with good grades and a few friends but this was all part of his narrative.
他是受欢迎的优生，有些朋友，但这一切都是他故事的一部分。
Bundy relished appearing like a socialite while secretly committing crimes.
邦迪很享受，表面上他是一个社会名流，但背地里却在犯罪。
This paradoxical identity is what attracts many serial killers.
这种矛盾的身份吸引了许多连环杀手。
The identity crisis of his youth and the impotence of his personality were what made Bundy especially susceptible to dual identity possession.
青年时期的身份危机和个性的无能使邦迪特别容易受到双重身份的影响。
6. Rejection.
6. 拒绝。
Despite his social success, Bundy remained insecure.
虽然在社会上取得了成功，邦迪仍然缺乏安全感。
He couldn't detach from the grim facts of his life, particularly the fact that he was far less wealthy than his peers.
他无法摆脱生活中的残酷现实，尤其是他远不如同龄人富有这一事实。
Bundy desired wealth, love and prestige, all the conventional measures of power.
邦迪渴望财富、爱和威望等所有这些对权力的衡量标准。
Perhaps if those didn't elude him, he wouldn't have become a serial killer,
如果逃脱这些，他或许不会成为连环杀手，
just another fortune 500 executive, it ended up being a near-miss.
或许会成为另一位《财富》500强企业的高管，但结果差之千里。
By enrolling in university, Bundy was on the road to both wealth and prestige
进入大学后，邦迪走上了一条既富有又有声望的道路
and love had materialized in the form of a University of Washington classmate.
爱情成真，对方是华盛顿大学的同学。
Bundy adored her but she ended the relationship and he was devastated.
邦迪深爱着她，但她结束了这段关系，他悲痛欲绝。
His obsessive nature caused him to overreact and he dropped out of college and chased his fantasy on high gear
他的强迫天性让他反应过度，他辍学并疯狂追逐自己的幻想
using them as a bulwark against the renewed impotence of his life.
用它们来抵御他生命中重新出现的无能为力。
At 27, Ted's ultimate fantasy became a reality when he murdered 21 year old Linda Ann Healy his first known homicide victim.
27岁的时候，泰德最终的幻想变成了现实，他杀害了21岁的琳达·安·希利，剧信，这是他的第一个受害者。
As revenge for his unrequited love, unrequited parents and unrequited life.
为报复自己得不到的爱情、得不到的亲情以及无望的生活。
7. Manipulation.
7.操控。
Bundy, like all psychopaths was a liar who provided false and contradictory information to manipulate others into furthering his goals.
邦迪，和所有精神病患者一样都是说谎者，他们用虚假矛盾的信息操控别人以达到自己的目标。
You don't know what to believe about Bundy, that's what made him so scary.
你不知道邦迪什么是真什么是假，所以他才如此可怕。
Did you enjoy our analysis of Ted Bundy? Would you like to see us analyze more people in our next video?
大家喜欢我们对泰德·邦迪的分析吗？还想看我们分析其他人吗？
If so, be sure to support us and tell us who you would like us to analyze next.
想的话，请一定要支持我们，告诉我们下一次分析谁。
It can be psychologists celebrities or even real-life events you personally encounter in your life.
可以是精神病学家、名人，甚至是生活中遇到的人。
Just send us your story and we will do our best to provide a thorough comprehensive review of them.
只要告诉我们你的故事，我们就会尽所能提供一个关于他们的全面分析。
Until next time, hope you learn something interesting from our content that you could take away.
希望下次大家能从我们的内容中学到一些有趣的东西。
Don't forget to subscribe and watch our other videos on psychopathy.
不要忘记订阅并观看我们其他关于精神病患者的视频。
