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Coming up next on Jonathan Bird's Blue World, the kelp forests of southern California.
接下来请收看乔纳森·伯德的《蓝色世界》，乔纳森探寻南加州的海带森林！
Hi, I'm Jonathan Bird and welcome to my world!
嗨，我是乔纳森·伯德，欢迎来到我的世界！
This is Harold Parker State Forest in Massachusetts.
这是马萨诸塞州的哈罗德帕克州立森林。
It looks like a typical forest.
它看起来像一座典型的森林。
But not all forests are the same!
但并非所有的森林都是一样的！
I'm heading to Catalina Island, off the coast of California, to explore another kind of forest.
我要去加州海岸的卡塔琳娜岛，去探索另一种森林。
The Forests here are underwater!
这里的森林在水下！
Getting here from the mainland is as easy as boarding a ferry.
从大陆到这里就像登渡轮一样容易。
Ninety minutes later, we arrive in Avalon, one of only two settlements on Catalina Island.
90分钟后，我们到达阿瓦隆，卡塔利纳岛上仅有的两个定居点之一。
I head on over to Catalina Scuba Luv dive shop to pick up some scuba tanks, and then, it's off to Casino Point for a shore dive.
我前往卡塔琳娜潜水俱乐部买了一些氧气瓶，然后去娱乐城的海滨潜水点。
Casino point is a beautiful spot just outside the harbor.
娱乐城是港口外一个美丽的地方。
It's also a marine reserve, so no fishing is allowed.
这里也是海洋保护区，所以不允许钓鱼。
I waste no time, and start suiting up to explore this dive site that has such a great reputation.
我没有浪费时间，开始穿上潜水服去探索这个享誉盛名的潜水点。
Casino Point is set up as a "Dive Park" with a protected area just for divers, safe from boat traffic.
娱乐场潜水点设置为一个“潜水公园”，这里有一个保护区，仅供潜水者使用，不受往来船只的影响。
And look, a staircase right into the water!
看，水里有一个阶梯！
I walk down the steps and descend into the Pacific Ocean.
我走下台阶，进入太平洋。
Immediately, I am greeted by blue water, excellent visibility, and lots of kelp!
迎接我的是蓝色的海水、极好的能见度和许多海带！
And now I know why they call these places kelp forests!
现在，我知道他们为什么把这些地方叫做海带森林了！
The kelp grows up from the sea floor as tall as trees.
海带从海底长得像树一样高。
I really do feel like I'm in a forest!
我真觉得自己是在森林里一样！
Kelp is a kind of marine algae that can take many forms.
海带是一种可以有多种形式的海洋藻类。
The kelp forests around Catalina Island are formed by Giant Kelp, which can reach the height of a 14 story building in only a single growing season because it can grow 2 feet a day!
卡塔琳娜岛周围的海带森林是由巨大的海带形成，它能在一个生长季节达到14层楼那么高，因为它一天能长2英尺！
It's one of the fastest growing organisms on Earth!
它是地球上生长最快的一种生物！
Looking down at it from above, I see what an eagle might see, flying over the trees in a forest.
从上面往下看，我看到的景象，就和一只飞过森林的鹰可能会看到的一样。
But unlike trees on land, the kelp doesn't have a rigid trunk to hold it up.
但是不像陆地上的树，海带没有坚硬的树干可以支撑它。
In fact, the kelp is quite floppy.
事实上，海带很松软。
So how does it stay vertical?
那么它如何保持垂直呢？
At the base of each leaf, called a frond, is a pneumatocyst—basically a little gas bladder.
每片叶子的底部叫蕨叶，基本上是一个小气囊。
Each one of these pneumatocysts provides buoyancy, so the kelp floats.
每个气囊都提供浮力，所以海带才能漂浮。
Down on the sea floor is something called a holdfast.
在海底有一种叫固着器的东西。
Basically it's like a set of roots that hold onto the rocks.
基本上，它就像是一系列的根，牢牢地扎在岩石上。
Kelp needs something heavy on which to attach itself—it can't grow in a sandy sea floor.
海带需要一些很重的东西附着在上面，它不能在沙质海底生长。
So between the pneumatocysts keeping it afloat and the holdfast keeping it from floating away, the kelp hangs vertically in the water.
所以，在保持它漂浮的气囊和保持它不漂浮的支架之间，海带垂直地悬挂在水中。
Kelp is really important in this ecosystem because it's a great place to hide.
海带在这个生态系统中非常重要，因为它是一个很好的藏身之地。
And I don't mean for divers!
我不是指潜水员！
This is a great habitat for fish to seek refuge from predators, so the kelp forest is filled with thousands of fish.
这里是鱼类躲避捕食者的绝佳栖息地，所以海带森林里有成千上万的鱼类。
The most famous kelp forest resident in Southern California is most certainly this damselfish—the Garibaldi.
南加州最著名的海带森林居民肯定是这种小热带鱼——加利福尼亚红鱼。
Garibaldis are hard to miss—no other fish in the kelp forest is so brightly colored.
很难错过红鱼，海带森林里没有其他的鱼有如此鲜艳的颜色。
Although Garibaldis become aggressive when they are guarding a nest of eggs, the rest of the time, they don't seem bothered by divers much.
尽管红鱼在保护一窝卵时会变得咄咄逼人，但其它时间里，它们似乎不会太被潜水员打扰到。
In fact, this one seems positively curious.
事实上，这条似乎很好奇怪。
