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Things like light, sound, haptics and electricity.
比如光、声、触觉和电。
It's one thing to record the mind, it's another to modulate it.
记录思维是一回事。
The idea of a combined system that can both read from and write to the brain or body is referred to as a closed-loop system or bidirectional human interface.
调节意念就是另一回事了。一个可向大脑或身体读写的整合系统会被称为“闭环系统”或“双向人机接口”。
This concept is truly profound, and it will define the next major revolution in computing technology.
这个概念意义深远，它会决定计算机技术的下一场重大革命。
When you have products that not just are designed for the average user but are designed to actually adapt to their user, that's something truly special.
如果你的产品不只是为普通用户打造的，还可以适应用户，那就是个非常特别的东西了。
When we know what the data of an emotion or a feeling looks like and we know how to make that data go up or down, then using AI, we can build constructive or destructive interference patterns to either amplify or suppress those emotions or feelings.
如果我们知道某种情绪或感受对应的数据是什么样子，如何让这个数据提高或下降，那么借助人工智能，我们就可以构造出相长干涉或相消干涉的模式，放大或抑制这些情绪或感受。
In the very near future, we will have computers that we are resonantly and subconsciously connected to, enabling empathetic computing for the very first time.
在眼前的未来，我们的计算机会与我们同步、潜意识地相连，首次实现同感计算。
In 2018, we put these learnings to work and began development of a new tool for cognitive exploration.
2018 年，我们把这些发现应用于实践，开始开发认知探索的新工具。
Named after my friend Gael, who passed from ALS in 2016, we call it Galea.
以我在 2016 年因渐冻症（ALS）去世的朋友盖尔（Gael）命名，我们为其起名“盖利亚”（Galea）。
It’s a multimodal bio-sensing headset, and it is absolutely packed with sensors.
它是一台多模态的生物感测头显，当然，安装了许多传感器。
It can measure the user’s heart, skin, muscles, eyes and brain, and it combines that capability with head-mounted displays or augmented and virtual reality headsets.
可以测量用户的心脏、皮肤、肌肉、眼睛和大脑，再加上头戴式显示器或增强、虚拟现实头显的性能。
Additionally, we're exploring the integration of non-invasive electrical neural stimulation as a feature.
此外，我们也在研究接入无创神经电刺激这一功能。
The Galea software suite can turn the raw sensor data into meaningful metrics.
盖利亚软件套件可以将原始传感器数据转化为有含义的测量指标。
With some of the sensors, we're able to provide new forms of real-time interactivity and control.
利用其中一些传感器，我们可以提供新型的实时交互和控制。
And with all of the sensors, we're able to make quantifiable inferences about high-level states of mind, things like stress, fatigue, cognitive workload and focus.
利用这些传感器，我们可以对高层级的情绪建立可量化的推测，比如压力、疲劳、认知负荷和注意力。
In 2019, a legendary neurohacker by the name of Christian Bayerlein reached out to me.
2019 年，一位自称克里斯蒂安·巴耶林的神经黑客联系了我。
He was actually one of our very first Kickstarter backers when we got started, early on.
他其实是我们首批 Kickstarter（众筹网站）的支持者，在我们刚起步的时候，很早很早以前。
Christian was a very smart, intelligent, happy-go-lucky and easygoing guy.
克里斯蒂安是一个非常聪明、智慧、快乐、随和的人。
And so I worked up the courage to ask him, "Hey, Christian, can we connect you to our sensors?" At which point he said, "I thought you would never ask."
所以我鼓起勇气问他：“嘿，克里斯蒂安，我们能把你连上我们的传感器吗？”当时他说：“我还怕你不提呢。”
So after 20 minutes, we had him rigged up to a bunch of electrodes, and we provided him with four new inputs to a computer.
过了 20 分钟，我们为他胡乱贴上一堆电极，给了他四个连上电脑的新增输入端。
Little digital buttons, that he could control voluntarily.
小小的数字按钮，他可以自行控制。
This essentially doubled his number of inputs to a computer.
这其实让他连上电脑的输入端翻倍了。
Years later, after many setbacks due to COVID, we flew to Germany to work with Christian in person to implement the first prototype of what we're going to be demoing here today.
几年后，经历了新冠疫情造成的重重阻碍后，我们飞去了德国，与克里斯蒂安面对面合作，开发第一台原型机，也就是我们今天要展示的这台。
Christian then spent months training with that prototype and sending his data across the Atlantic to us in Brooklyn from Germany and flying a virtual drone in our offices.
之后，克里斯蒂安与这台原型机训练了几个月，把他的数据发过大西洋，从德国发到布鲁克林，在我们的办公室里飞一台虚拟无人机。
The first thing that we did was scour Christian's body for residual motor function.
我们做的第一件事就是检查克里斯蒂安的身体，看看有没有残留的运动机能。
We then connected electrodes to the four muscles that he had the most voluntary control over, and then we turned those muscles into digital buttons.
然后把电极连上了四块他最能自主控制的肌肉，再把这些肌肉做成数字按钮。
We then applied some smart filtering and signal processing to adapt those buttons into something more like a slider or a digital potentiometer.
我们又进行了一些智能筛选和信号处理，把这些按钮改良成类似滑动条或者数字电位器的设计。
