1.a byword for 代名词
例句:The industry became a byword for mendacity, secrecy and profligacy with taxpayers' money.
这个产业已经成为谎言、秘密以及浪费纳税人钱财的代名词
。2.up-market 高档的
例句:All this indicates that the credit crunch is going up-market.
所有这一切表明,信贷紧缩正在走向高档消费市场
。3.devote to 把……专用于
例句:She has always devoted herself to her music.
她一向专心研究音乐
。4.range from 从 ... 到 ... 范围
例句:The jobs range from advertising sales to engineering.
工作范围从广告销售到工程师
。