1. The video posted on the internet by activists shows a crowd of angry mourners gathering around the bonnet of a white vehicle, which has the insignia of the Arab League emblazoned on it and appears to belong to the observers.

(1) 这句话的主干是The video shows a crowd of angry mourners。

(2) 主语有其修饰成分，即过分短语，表明是被活动分子发到网上的视频。

(3) 宾语也有修饰成分，即现分短语，修饰哀悼者，即：聚集在一辆白色汽车的车前盖旁的哀悼者。

(4) Vehicle，跟了非限制性定语从句。

(5) 句子成分分析如上，但实际翻译时，考虑到(3)修饰定语有点长，且汉语动态的特点，所以整句话译成“在活动分子在网上发的视频中，悲愤的哀悼者们聚集在一辆白色汽车的车前盖旁。车上装饰着阿拉伯联盟的徽章，表明此车属于观察员。”

2. The United States has said it won't tolerate any disruption by Iran of international shippings through the Strait of Hormuz in the Gulf.

(1) 这句话容易理解错误。disruption by Iran of international shippings, 其实应该是disruption of international shippings by Iran。这是因为disruption 常用of进行内容上的补充。所以应译成“美国声明不会容忍伊朗对通过波斯湾霍尔木兹海峡国际船队的任何破坏行为”。一旦理解错of短语修饰的是谁，这句话就会误解。

3. Its response to the Iranian threat was measured but clear: any attempt to close the Strait of Hormuz through which around a third of the world's tanker traffic flows would not, the Pentagon said, be tolerated.

(1) measured的理解，衡量过的，也就是有分寸的，慎重的。

(2) 冒号后的主要成句是：any attempt would not be tolerated。看清楚主要成分，很会快速明白句子大意，且不会误解。

(3) the Strait of Hormuz后面跟了个定语从句。说明了该海峡的重要性。

(4) 把握了句子结构，再运用常识及逻辑分析能力，应该能够理解该句为“美国对伊朗的威胁的反应是有分寸的，清楚的：霍尔木兹海峡航线输送着近三分之一的世界油轮运输，任何关闭海峡的企图都不会被容忍。”

4. The main parties in Bosnia have agreed to form a central government, ending a 14-month political crisis.

(1) ending a 14-month political crisis, 现在分词短语做目的状语，故译为“波斯尼亚的主要政党一致同意组成一个中央政府以结束长达14个月的政治危机。”

5. It was built over the spot where Christians believe which Jesus was born.

(1) 要注意It这个词与它所指称的对象很远。所以对段落的理解，要前后连贯，有逻辑性。“这所教堂就建在被基督徒们认为是耶稣的诞生之地上。”