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As he drives slowly across snow, Nils Mathis Sara drops food on the ground for hundreds of his reindeer to eat.
当尼尔斯·马西斯·萨拉在雪地上缓慢行驶时，他把食物洒在地上，供他的数百只驯鹿吃。
His animals live in Finnmark, the northernmost point of Norway.
他的驯鹿生活在挪威最北端的芬马克。
But Sara wishes he did not have to feed them.
但萨拉希望自己不必喂它们。
"This is an emergency situation," said the 65-year-old Sara.
65岁的萨拉说，“这是一种紧急情况。”
"I am not supposed to feed them.
“我不应该喂它们。
They are supposed to feed me."
他们应该养活我。”
Sara is Sami, an ethnic group native to the northern areas of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Kola peninsula of Russia.
萨拉是萨米人，萨米人是挪威、瑞典、芬兰和俄罗斯科拉半岛北部地区的原住民。
Normally, the reindeer find their own food.
通常情况下，驯鹿会自己寻找食物。
They dig through the snow to reach small plants, called lichen, buried below.
他们刨开积雪，找到埋在下面的小植物，叫做地衣。
But every winter for the past ten years, Sara has had to buy food to help the animals live through the cold season.
但在过去的十年里，每年冬天，萨拉都必须购买食物，帮助驯鹿度过寒冷的季节。
Winter temperatures in the area can drop to as low as minus 40 degrees Celsius.
该地区的冬季气温最低可降至零下40摄氏度。
Until recently, only snow fell during the winter months in Finnmark.
直到不久前，芬马克地区的冬季也只下雪。
But in recent years, the weather has been warmer, with temperatures sometimes rising above freezing.
但近年来，随着天气逐渐变暖，气温有时会升至零度以上。
That means rain, instead of snow, falls on the ground.
这意味着落在地上的不是雪而是雨。
Then, when the temperature drops, that water turns to ice.
然后，当温度下降时，雨水就会结冰。
The thick ice makes it difficult for the reindeer to reach the lichen.
厚厚的冰层使驯鹿很难找到地衣。
"It is especially hard for the younger reindeer, as their hooves are not strong enough to break through," Sara said.
萨拉说：“这对年幼的驯鹿来说尤其困难，因为它们的蹄子不够有力，无法破冰。”
One morning in March, Sara and a family member put down about one and a half metric tons of food for the reindeer.
3月的一天早上，萨拉和一名家庭成员为驯鹿投放了大约1.5公吨的食物。
The two men have been doing the same thing every other day since February.
自2月份以来，这两个人每隔一天都会做同样的事情。
"I should really be doing this every day, but economically it does not make sense," said Sara.
萨拉说：“我真的应该每天都投放食物，但从经济角度考虑，这样做是没有意义的。”
Feeding the animals can also bring unexpected results.
喂养动物也会带来意想不到的结果。
Later that day, Sara sees hundreds of reindeer in his reindeer feeding area.
当天晚些时候，萨拉在他的驯鹿饲养区看到了数百只驯鹿。
But, the reindeer do not belong to him.
但是，这些驯鹿不是他的。
Sara quickly drives over to the herder of the other reindeer.
萨拉飞快地向这些驯鹿的牧民驶去。
He asks the herder to move the animals out of the area.
他要求牧民把驯鹿赶出他的饲养区。
The reindeer had come to Sara's area because of the smell of the food Sara had put on the ground.
这些驯鹿来到萨拉的饲养区，是因为闻到了萨拉投在地上的食物的气味。
In addition, reindeer are semi-wild.
此外，驯鹿是半野生动物。
Normally, herders follow the animals as they look for food under the snow.
通常情况下，牧民会跟着驯鹿在雪下寻找食物。
But feeding the animals makes them slowly become less wild and depend more on humans.
但喂食驯鹿会让它们慢慢失去野性，更多地依赖人类。
This makes the Sami people live more like farmers than herders.
这使得萨米人的生活更像农民而不是牧民。
Sara says this goes against the Sami's traditional way of living.
萨拉说，这与萨米人传统的生活方式背道而驰。
"When we feed the reindeer, they change their behavior and become more accustomed to humans," Sara said.
“当我们喂驯鹿时，它们会改变自己的行为，变得更习惯人类，”萨拉说。
"This is not our way."
“这不是我们的生活方式。”
I'm Andrew Smith.
安德鲁·史密斯为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
