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(5)状语从句
真题：Leaving one’s job, __________(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.(2008.6)
答案：whatever it is(让步状语从句)
真题：I am going to pursue this course, __________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).(2007.12)
答案：no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make(让步状语从句)
真题：Some psychologists claim that people __________(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)(2006.12)
答案：may feel lonely when they are away from home(时间状语从句)
【真题】__________(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.(2008.12)
【解析】本题考查对主语从句的掌握。汉语中“所关心的”实际上是指“所关心的事情”，用英语表达则使用what引导的从句。What在主语从句中作介词的宾语。“关心”可以用be concerned about表达。
【答案】What most parents are concerned about
注：从句的用法参见完形填空部分对从句的讲解。
2.虚拟语气
历年真题中涉及到虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：
(1)(should)+动词原形的情形;
(2)if或but for等引导的条件句;
(3)wish, if only, would rather, It is(high)time that…的用法。
【真题】You would not have failed if__________(按照我的指令去做).(2009.12)
【答案】you had followed my instructions 或者you had followed my orders
【解析】本题较为容易，按照汉语意思直译。考点有两个：首先最重要的考点是if从句的虚拟语气考查;根据语法规定，如果主句中出现would +have的形式，从句中应该采用had+过去分词的结构;第二是固定搭配“按照…的指令”表达为follow my instructions 或者是follow my orders 注意多样化的表达，两者选其一就可以;注意很多学生出现遗漏主语you，造成不必要的失分。
【真题】The victim __________(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.(2006.12)
【解析】本句考查对错综时间条件句的虚拟语气的掌握。在与过去事实相反的条件下，if引导的条件句时态是过去完成时态，主句谓语一般使用would have done。
【答案】would have had a chance to survive/would have had a chance of survival
注：虚拟语气用法参见完形填空填空部分对虚拟语气的讲解。
3.倒装结构
倒装分完全倒装与部分倒装两种类型，重点是部分倒装，即只有系动词、助动词和情态动词参与的倒装。常见的倒装结构可以分为四大类：
(1)否定倒装。指否定副词或否定的副词性结构hardly, seldom, scarcely, never, little, nowhere, not once, under no circumstances, in no way, no sooner…than，not only…but also用于句首时所导致的倒装。
Seldom did I go to theater, but now it is different.
以前我很少去剧院，但是现在不同了。
(2)虚拟倒装。指在if引导的虚拟条件句中，将if省略，把should, had, were提至主语前，形成倒装。
Were I you, I’ll never promise to do that.
如果我是你，绝对不会答应那么做的。
(3)强调倒装。为突出强调某一成分而将它提至句首时，实行倒装，如：
A.so 倒装句
So diligently does he work that he often forgets to eat and sleep.
他工作如此勤奋以至于经常废寝忘食。
B.以某些表示肯定的副词开头作状语：only, often, then
Then did I throw myself into the chair, exhausted.
然后我一屁股坐在椅子上，累死了。
Only by working hard can we achieve what we want.
我们只有通过努力工作才能获得想要的东西。
