评论
打印
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
??It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard. However, hard training breaks you down and makes you weaker, It is rest that makes you stronger. Improvement only occurs during the rest period following hard training. This adaptation is accomplished by improving efficiency of the heart and certain systems within the muscle cells. During recovery periods these systems build to greater levels to compensate for the stress that you have applied. The result is that you are now at a higher level of performance.
??If sufficient rest is not included in a training program, imbalance between excess training and inadequate rest will occur, and performance will decline. The “overtraining syndrome(综合症)” is the name given to the collection of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptoms due to overtraining that has persisted for weeks to months. It is marked by cumulative exhaustion that persists even after recovery periods.
The most common symptom is fatigue. This may limit workouts and may be present at rest. The athlete may also become moody, easily imitated, have altered sleep patterns, become depressed, or lose the competitive desire and enthusiasm for the sport, Some will report decreased appetite and weight loss. Physical symptoms include persistent muscular soreness, increased frequency of viral (病毒性的) illnesses, and increased incidence of injuries.
??The treatment for the overtraining syndrome is rest. The longer the overtraining has occurred, the more rest required, Therefore, early detection is very important, If the overtraining has only occurred for a short period of time (e.g. 3-4 weeks) then interrupting training for 3-5 days is usually sufficient rest. It is important that the factors that lead to overtraining be identified and corrected. Otherwise, the overtraining syndrome is likely to recur. The overtraining syndrome should be considered in any athlete who manifests symptoms of prolonged fatigue and whose performance has leveled off or decreased. It is important to exclude any underlying illness that may be responsible for the fatigue.
36. The first paragraph of the passage tells us that ________.
A) the harder an athlete trains, the better his performance will be
B) rest after vigorous training improves an athlete’s performance
C) strict systematic training is essential to an athlete’s top performance
D) improvement of an athlete’s performance occurs in the course of training
37. By “overtraining” the author means ________.
A) a series of physical symptoms that occur after training
B) undue emphasis on the importance of physical exertion
C) training that is not adequately compensated for by rest
D) training that has exceeded an athlete’s emotional limits
38. What does the passage tell us about the “overtraining” syndrome?
A) It occurs when athletes lose interest in sports.
B) It appears right after a hard training session.
C) The fatigue it results in is unavoidable in the athlete’s training process.
C) It manifests itself in fatigue which lingers even after a recovery period.
39. What does the phrase “level off” (Line 7, Para,4)most probably mean?
A) Slow down.
B) Become dull.
C) Stop improving.
D) Be on the decline.
40. The author advises at the end of the passage that ________.
A) overtraining syndrome should be treated as a serious illness
B) overtraining syndrome should be prevented before it occurs
C) an athlete with overtraining syndrome should take a lengthy rest
D) illness causing fatigue should not be mistaken for overtraining syndrome
Part Ⅲ??? Vocabulary???????(20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences it: this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose cite ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. These were stubborn men. not easily ________to change their mind.
A) tilted??????????????
B) converted????????????
C) persuaded
D) suppressed
42. The circus has always been very, popular because it ________both the old and the young.
A) facilitates???????????
B) fascinates???????????
C) immerses
D) indulges
43. By patient questioning the lawyer managed to ________enough information from the witnesses.
A) evacuate????????????
B) withdraw????????????
C) impart
D) elicit
44. George enjoys talking about people's private affairs. He is a ________.
A) solicitor????????????
B) coward?????????????
C) gossip
D) rebel
45. The new secretary has written a remarkably ________report within a few hundred words but with all the important details included.
A) concise?????????????
B) brisk??????????????
C) precise
D) elaborate
46. His face ________as he came in after running all the way from school.
A) flared?????????????
B) fluctuated????????????
C) fluttered
D) flushed
47. Steel is not as ________ as cast iron; it does not break as easily.
A) elastic?????????????
B) brittle?????????????
C) adaptable
D) flexible
48. A big problem in lemming English as a foreign language is lack of opportunities for ________interaction with proficient speakers of English.
A) instantaneous??????????
B) provocative???????????
C) verbal
D) dual
49. Within ten years they have tamed the ________hill into green woods.
A) vacant?????????????
B) barren?????????????
C) weird
D) wasteful
50. The ________of our trip to London was the visit to Buckingham Palace.
A) summit?????????????
B) height??????????????
C) peak
D) highlight
51. Harold claimed that he was a serious and well-known artist, but in fact he was a(n) ________.
A) alien?????????????
B) client.?????????????
C) counterpart
D) fraud
52. We don't ________any difficulties in completing the project so long as we keep within our budget.
A) foresee?????????????
B) fabricate?????????????
C) infer
D) inhibit
53. He is looking for a job that will give him greater ________for career development.
A) insight????????????
B) scope?????????????
C) momentum
D) phase
54. The high school my daughter studies in is ________our university.
A) linked by????????????
B) relevant to???????????
C) mingled with
D) affiliated with
55. The Browns lived in a ________and comfortably furnished house in the suburbs.
A) spacious????????????
B) sufficient????????????
C) wide
D) wretched
56. A membership card ________the holder to use the club's facilities for a period of twelve months.
A) approves????????????
B) authorizes????????????
C) rectifies
D) endows
57. They have done away with ________Latin for university entrance at Harvard.
A) influential????????????
B) indispensable???????????
C) compulsory
D) essential
58. It is no ________that a large number of violent crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol.
A) coincidence???????????
B) correspondence??????????
C) inspiration
D) intuition
59. One's university days often appear happier in ________than they actually were at the time.
A) retention????????????
B) retrospect????????????
C) return
D) revere
60. She ________through the pages of a magazine, not really concentrating on them.
A) tumbled????????????
B) tossed?????????????
C) switched
D) flipped
61. Scientists are pushing known technologies to their limits in an attempt to ________more energy from the earth.
A) extract?????????????
B) inject?????????????
C) discharge
D) drain
62. The Chinese Red Cross ________a generous sum to the relief of the victims of the earthquake in Turkey.
A) administered??????????
B) elevated????????????
C) assessed
D) contributed
63. The first sentence in this paragraph is ________; it can be interpreted in many ways.
A) intricate????????????
B) ambiguous???????????
C) duplicated
D) confused
64. They used to quarrel a lot, but now they are completely ________with each other.
A) reconciled???????????
B) negotiated???????????
C) associated
D) accommodated
65. The local business was not much ________by the sudden outbreak of the epidemic.
A) intervened???????????
B) insulated????????????
C) hampered
D) hoisted
66. The most important ________for assessment in this contest is originality of design.
A) threshold????????????
B) partition?????????????
C) warrant
D) criterion
67. The woman was worried about the side effects of taking aspirins. but her doctor ________her that it is absolutely harmless.
A) retrieved?????????????
B) released?????????????
C) reassured
D) revived
68. We can't help being ________of Bob who bought a luxurious sports car just after the money was stolen from the office.
A) skeptical?????????????
B) appreciative????????????
C) suspicious
D) tolerant
69. He greatly resented the publication of this book. which he saw as an embarrassing invasion of his ________.
A) privacy?????????????
B) morality?????????????
C) dignity
D) secrecy
70. In fact as he approached this famous statue, he only barely resisted the ________to reach into his bag for his camera.
A) impatience????????????
B) impulse?????????????
C) incentive
D) initiative
