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Many people may not realize it, but the greenhouse effect and global warming are totally different things. The greenhouse effect is something that happens with all celestial bodies — planets, moons, and such—that have an atmosphere. Anyway, back to the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is a process that happens when the sun's heat enters Earth's atmosphere. The sun's rays warm the earth, and the atmosphere keeps the heat in, just like a greenhouse. It's a very natural thing, and in most cases, the planet system knows how to balance itself out. Anyway, like I said, it's a pretty natural process.
很多人或许没有意识到，但是温室效应和全球变暖是两种完全不同的事。温室效应是所有有大气层的天体都会出现的现象，比如行星、月球，等等。不管怎样，继续说温室效应。当太阳的热量进入地球大气层时，就会出现温室效应。太阳光使地表暖和起来，而大气层将热量保存起来，就像个温室一样。温室效应是一个十分自然的过程，多数情况下，地球系统自有办法保持平衡。总之，就像我说的，它是一个很自然的过程。
Now all this gets messed up when humans, um, add stuff to Earth's atmosphere. That's when global warming, which is not a natural process, happens. See, what happens is that people create, um, things that create extra heat. For example, cars. We drive cars all the time. So we drive our cars, and our cars bum gas, and this exhaust is pretty hot. And the atmosphere keeps this heat around the planet. Plus, all of our machinery and our factories and stuff, they all produce heat. So all this stuff creates what scientists are calling global warming. Earth's surface and atmosphere just keep getting hotter.
当人类在大气中增加了很多物质时，所有的这一切就变糟糕了。那时候就会出现很不自然的过程——全球变暖。全球变暖是由于人们制造了很多排放多余热量的事物。比如，汽车。我们一直都在开车。我们开车，车会产生气体，而这些气体温度较高。大气层将这些热量保存在地球周围。另外，我们的机器、工厂等等，都会产生热量。所有这些东西就造成了科学家所说的全球变暖。地球表面和大气层都变得越来越暖。
Now global warming has many negative effects, but I think one of the biggest problems with global warming is the melting of polar ice caps and glaciers. See, our planet has huge chunks of ice at both of its poles. And when global warming happens, um, the overall temperature of the planet increases. And what this does is it makes polar ice melt. So when ice melts, it turns into water, which goes into our oceans. And that causes the level of water to rise. And this could also cause major flooding.
现在全球变暖有很多负面影响，但是我觉得全球变暖最大的问题之一就是极地冰盖和冰川的融化。我们的地球在两极地区都有大量的冰川覆盖。出现全球变暖以后，地球的整体温度上升。这带来的影响就是极地冰雪融化。那么冰雪融化时，就会变成水，流入海洋。这会使海平面上升。也会造成严重洪灾。
Question 23. What's the difference between greenhouse effect and global warming?
问题23 温室效应和全球变暖的区别是什么？
Question 24. According to the speaker, why does global warming happen?
问题24 根据发言人，为什么会出现全球变暖？
Question 25. What's the speaker's biggest concern with global warming?
问题25 发言人对全球变暖最大的担忧是什么？
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