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Recording Three
录音三
Why should you consider taking a course in demography in college?
为什么你应该考虑在大学上人类统计学课程？
You'll be growing up in a generation where the baby boomers are going into retirement and dying.
你将在婴儿潮时期的那代人将要退休和逐渐死去中成长。
You will face the problems in the aging of the population that have never been faced before.
你将面临史无前例的人口老龄化问题。
You will hear more and more about migration between countries and between rural areas and cities.
你将会越来越多地听到国家和城乡之间的移民问题。
You need to understand as a citizen and as a tax payer and as a voter what's really behind the arguments.
作为公民、纳税人和选民的你需要明白该问题的背后争论是什么。
I want to tell you about the past, present and future of the human population.
我会告诉你有关人口数量的过去、现在和将来。
So let's start with a few problems.
那么我们就从一两个问题入手吧。
Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry.
目前，有十亿人口长期处于饥饿状态。
That means they wake up hungry, they are hungry all day, and they go to sleep hungry.
那意味着他们醒来时饿着肚子、白天饿着肚子、晚上睡觉时饿着肚子。
A billion people are living in slums, not the same billion people, but there is some overlap.
有十亿人生活在贫民窟，虽然与上面提到的十亿人不相同，但它们之间有重叠。
Living in slums means they don't have infrastructure to take the garbage away, they don't have secure water supplies to drink.
生活在贫民窟意味着他们没有清理垃圾的基础设施，没有没有安全的饮水供应。
Nearly a billion people are illiterate.
有近十亿人是文盲。
Try to imagine your life being illiterate.
试想一下文盲人的生活。
You can't read the labels on the bottles in the supermarket, if you can get to a supermarket.
如果你能去超市，却看不懂超市里瓶子上的标签。
Two-thirds of those people who are illiterate are women and about 200 to 215 million women don't have access to birth control they want, so that they can control their own fertility.
女性占了十亿文盲人口的三分之二。，大约2至2.15亿的女性接触不到她们想要的避孕方法，这样她们就可以控制自己的生育能力。
This is not only a problem in developing countries.
这不仅仅是发展中国家才有的问题。
About half of all pregnancies globally are unintended.
全世界大约有一半的怀孕是意外怀孕。
So those are examples of population problems.
以上是一些典例的人口问题。
Demography gives you the tools to understand and to address these problems.
人口统计学为你提供理解和解决这些问题的工具。
It's not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses like influenza, the bacteria in your gut, plants that you eat, animals that you enjoy or that provide you with meat.
它不仅仅研究人口数量，还研究流感病毒、肠道菌群、人类食用的植物、人类喜欢的动物或为人类提供肉类的动物等非人类物种的数量。
Demography also includes the study of non-living objects like light bulbs and taxi cabs, and buildings because these are also populations.
人口统计学的研究还包括诸如电灯泡、出租车和建筑物等无生命体的研究，因为它们同样存在数量。
It studies these populations, in the past, present and future, using quantitative data and mathematical models as tools of analysis.
它研究这些物体过去、现在和将来的数量，使用定量数据和数学模型工具进行分析。
I see demography as a central subject related to economics.
我把《人口统计学》看成是与《经济学》密切相关的核心科目。
It is the means to intervene more wisely, and more effectively in the real world, to improve the well-being, not only of yourself—important as that may be—but of people around you and of other species with whom we share the planet.
它是现实世界中更明智、更有效的干预手段，不仅能提升你自己的幸福，还能提升你身边的人以及和我们共同生活在地球上的其他物种的幸福。
Questions 23-25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
问题23至25是基于你刚才所听到的那段录音。
Question 23: What is one of the problems the speaker mentions in his talk?
问题23：说话者在他的谈话中提到的问题之一是什么？
Question 24: What does the speaker say about pregnancies?
问题24：说话者谈到了有关怀孕的什么信息？
Question 25: How does the speaker view the study of populations?
问题25：说话者是如何看待人口数量的研究的？
译文属可可原创，仅供学习和交流使用，未经允许不得转载
