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In the eleventh century,in 1066 to be precise,the Normans conquered England, and during the next few centuries London became one of the most powerful and prosperous cities in Europe.
在11世纪，确切的说是1066年，诺曼人征服了英格兰。在接下来的几个世纪，伦敦变成了欧洲最强大繁荣的城市之一。
The East End benefited from this,and because there were fewer restrictions there than in the city itself,
东伦敦受益于此，而且当地的限制并没有伦敦市内多。
plenty of newcomers settled there from abroad,bringing their skills as workers,merchants or money-lenders during the next few hundred years.
许多人在接下来的几个世纪中从国外来这里定居，有工人、商人或是放贷者。
In the sixteeth century the first dock was dug where ships were constructed, eventually making the East End the focus of massive international trade.
在16世纪建立了第一座码头，在那里建造了许多船只，最后东伦敦成了大型国际贸易的中心。
And in the late sixteenth century,when much of the rest of England was suffering economically,
在16世纪末，当其他英格兰地区遭受经济危机时，
a lot of agricultural workers came to the East End to look for Alternative work.
许多农业生产者来到东伦敦谋求其他职位。
In the seventeenth century,the East End was still a series of separate,semi-rural settlements.
在17世纪，伦敦东部仍然是一块偏僻的、半乡村的居住地。
There was a shortage of accommodation,so marshland was drained and built on to house the large numbers of peoople now living there.
那时房屋紧缺，因此沼泽地被抽干用来建造房屋，为那里的很多人提供了住处。
By the nineteenth century London was the busiest port in the world,and this became the main source of employment in the East End.
到19世纪，伦敦成为世界上最繁忙的港口，这也成了东伦敦主要的就业来源。
Those who could afford to live in more pleasant surroundings moved out,
那些能够负担得起更好居住环境的人搬走了，
and the area became one where the vast mmajority of people lived in extreme poverty,and suffered from appalling sanitary conditions.
这个地区成为了极贫困人群的居住地，并遭受着恶劣的卫生问题的折磨。
