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ADHD Drugs Don't Boost Kids' Grades,The Wall Street Journaly,July 8th,2013
治疗多动症的药物不能提高孩子的学习成绩，华尔街日报，2013年7月8日
It's no longer shocking to hear of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders
那些患有注意力缺乏多动障碍的孩子，会在学校大考时，
and others simply facing a big test—taking ADHD medicine to boost their performance in school.
服用治疗多动症的药物来提高成绩，人们对此已经见怪不怪了。
But new studies point to a problem: There's little evidence that the drugs actually improve academic outcomes.
但新的研究表明：缺少足够的证据证明药物真能提高学习成绩。
Children with ADHD not taking stimulants did far worse than kids taking medication in tasks
从听到和看到的画报故事中记忆场景，在这一测试中，
that involved remembering scenes from a story they both heard and saw illustrated.
服用药物的孩子要比没有服药的孩子做得好。
Kids taking medication did just as well as control children without ADHD，
据四月发表在《生物化学和行为药理学》杂志上的研究显示：
according to the study published in April in the journal Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.
服用药物的孩子和对照组那些没有多动症的孩子做得一样好。
But the effects largely don't seem to translate into the classroom，especially in the long run.
但这一效果很大程度上似乎未能实现在课堂上，尤其是从长远来看。
In one major，U. S. government-funded study known as the MTA that looked at the long term effects of ADHD treatment，
美国政府资助了一项称之为MTA的大型项目，用于研究多动症治疗的长期影响，
579 children with the condition were randomized to one of three different kinds of treatment or a control group for 14 months.
579名患有多动症的儿童被随机分成三种不同类型的治疗组和对照组，该研究持续14个月。
For the first year of the study，
在研究开始的第一年，
the 8 and 9-year old children who received medication and a combination treatment
八九岁左右的接受单一和联合治疗的孩子
saw greater improvements in ADHD symptoms than the other two groups.
与其他两组相比，在多动症状上有很大改善。
Kids taking medicine also exhibited some improvement in educational outcomes in that first year
服用药物的孩子在第一年学习成绩也有所提高。
But any benefit of the drug on symptoms dissipated by Year Three.
但这些好的效果在第三年就都不再有了。
Other studies have shown that kids who take ADHD medication and study early for an exam tend to do just as well,
还有研究表明，服用药物并提前备考，效果跟没有患多动症的孩子比，
if not better, than kids without ADHD.
就算不比他们更好，至少也是差不多的。
But those who take medication and study at the last minute don't do any better.
那些服用药物但只在快考试的时候才复习准备的，效果并不好。
Together, these findings suggest that medication alone isn't enough to improve academic performance.
以上这些结果表明，单独的药物治疗不足以提高学习成绩。
The medicine may help with focus, but it doesn't help with deciding what to focus on, experts say.
专家说，药物可以帮助提高注意力，但它不能决定集中注意力关注什么。
Rather, it needs to be coupled with skills training, such as learning how to organize or prioritize.Thank you.
相反，服用药物并辅助相应的技能训练，如计划组织或排序，才会有效果。谢谢。
