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Speech at the Government of Japan-World Bank Conference on Universal Health Coverage
在日本政府与世界银行全民健康覆盖大会上的讲话
World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim
世界银行集团行长金墉
Tokyo, Japan
东京，日本
December 6, 2013
2013年12月6日
Thank you, Mr. Shibusawa, for that kind introduction, and for the excellent work of JCIE.
感谢Shibusawa先生的热情介绍，感谢JCIE的杰出工作。
I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to Minister Aso, Professor Takemi, and the Government of Japan for hosting us, and for the continuing strong partnership between Japan and the World Bank Group.
我向麻生太郎副首相、Takemi教授以及作为东道主的日本政府表示衷心的感谢，并对日本与世界银行集团长期密切的合作表示感谢。
I also would like to thank all of the honorable ministers from Ethiopia, Ghana, Myanmar, Senegal, and Vietnam who are here with us today. Thank you for your time and for your commitment to universal health coverage.
我还想感谢今天在座的埃塞俄比亚、加纳、缅甸、塞内加尔和越南的各位部长阁下，感谢你们拨冗出席以及你们对全面健康覆盖的承诺。
It is very appropriate that we are meeting in Japan on the topic of universal health coverage. When it comes to universal health coverage, Japan has led the world by example.
我们在日本开会探讨全民健康覆盖问题是十分合适的。在全民健康覆盖的问题上，日本以身作则，领先世界。
Japan achieved universal health coverage 52 years ago in 1961—17 years before the global community gathered in Alma-Ata to call for “health for all” and “development in the spirit of social justice.” The Kishi and Ikeda reforms that led to universal coverage promoted social solidarity and helped unleash Japan’s rapid economic growth and shared prosperity.
日本在52年前、即1961年就实现了全民健康覆盖，是国际社会在阿拉木图聚会呼吁“人人享有保健”和“在社会公正精神下实现发展”的52年之前。岸信介和池田勇人推行的改革带来了全民健康覆盖，从而促进了社会团结，帮助日本释放出了高速经济增长和共享繁荣的潜力。
Japan is not only a leader in achieving universal health coverage for its own citizens, but Japan is also a leader in extending this commitment to universal health to poor people around the globe. Through its leadership of G8 summits and its various roles on the global stage, Japan has helped mobilize substantial global health and development assistance that has saved countless lives and advanced the health and well-being of millions.
日本不仅率先实现了本国公民的全民健康覆盖，而且也率先将全民健康覆盖的承诺扩大到全球各地的贫困民众。日本通过自身在八国集团峰会上的领导力及其在全球舞台上担任的各种角色，帮助调动了大量全球健康与发展援助，拯救了无数生命，推进了亿万人民的健康与福祉。
Today, there is a large and growing movement in developing countries to undertake the necessary comprehensive health reforms to achieve universal coverage. To reflect this reality, the goal of universal health coverage should be firmly embedded in the emerging post-2015 global development agenda.
如今，发展中国家已出现一场大规模的并且不断扩大的运动，推行必要的全面卫生改革以实现全民健康覆盖。为了反映这一现实，应将全民健康覆盖的目标牢牢地嵌入新的2015年后全球发展议程。
The quest for universal coverage is not only a demand for better health – it’s a demand for equity.
寻求全民健康覆盖，不仅是对改善健康的需求，也是对公平的需求。
At the World Bank Group, achieving universal health coverage and equity in health are central to reaching the global goals to end extreme poverty by 2030 and boost shared prosperity.
在世界银行集团，实现全民健康覆盖和卫生保健公平，对于实现到2030年消除极度贫困和促进共享繁荣的全球性目标十分重要。
My colleagues and I at the Bank Group are deeply committed to helping countries realize their aspirations for universal coverage. Our aims are clear:
我和我在世行集团的同事们都坚定地致力于帮助各国实现全民健康覆盖的愿望。我们的目标是明确的：
First, everyone should have access to affordable, quality health services. Our commitment is universal, but during the next 755 days until the MDG deadline in December 2015, we are putting a special focus on expanding access to vital services for poor women and children. We are helping the poorest countries scale up results-based financing programs that are already producing dramatic improvements in maternal and child health in countries from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe.
首先，人人都应享有负担得起的优质医疗保健服务。我们的承诺是具有普遍意义的，但是在今后直至2015年12月千年发展目标到期的755天里，我们亟待重视加强对贫困妇女儿童的基本服务提供，我们正在帮助最贫穷国家扩大成果导向型融资计划的规模，这些计划已在阿富汗、津巴布韦等国的孕产妇和儿童健康方面带来了显着改善。
Second, no one should be forced into poverty, or be kept in poverty, to pay for the health care they need. Every year an estimated 100 million people – that’s more than a quarter of a million people every day – face poverty as a result of out-of-pocket health care costs. So we must pay special attention to affordability for the poorest 40 percent of the population in every developing country.
第二，任何人都不应因支付所需医疗保健服务的费用而被迫陷入贫困或持续陷于贫穷。据估计每年约有1亿人——即每天超过25万人——由于自付医疗费用而面临贫困。因此，我们必须特别关注各发展中国家最贫穷的40％人口的支付能力。
Third, all countries must harness investments in other sectors beyond health that provide the essential foundations for a healthy society. Achieving universal health coverage requires solutions beyond the health sector – including targeted efforts in areas such as education, social protection, roads, transport, water and sanitation, public finance, and information technology.
第三，所有国家都必须充分利用超出卫生部门以外的其他部门的投资，为建设一个健康的社会奠定必要的基础。实现全民健康覆盖，需要有超越卫生部门的解决方案，包括在教育、社会保护、道路、交通、供水和卫生设施、公共财政和信息技术等领域做出有针对性的努力。
For example, we know that one of the most successful interventions to improve child health has involved putting money in the hands of poor mothers via conditional cash transfers. Air quality improvements, as well as tobacco taxation and road safety policies can play a critical role in turning the tide on the alarming increase in chronic conditions and injuries we see today in so many developing countries.
例如，我们知道，改善儿童健康的最成功的干预措施之一是通过有条件现金转移支付将钱交到贫困母亲的手中。改善空气质量以及烟草税和道路安全政策都可以在遏制许多发展中国家慢病和伤害急剧上升方面发挥重要的作用。
Helping countries advance universal health coverage is a strategic priority across the World Bank Group. Through our Bank loans and technical assistance, we are partnering with middle-income countries to design and implement tough health sector reforms and contain costs, while at the same time expanding and sustaining coverage.
帮助各国推进全民健康覆盖是整个世界银行集团的一个战略重点。我们通过世行贷款和技术援助，正在与中等收入国家合作设计和实施艰难的卫生部门改革和控制成本，与此同时扩大和保持覆盖面。
Through IDA, our fund for the poorest countries, we are supporting the next generation of countries to lay the foundations for universal health coverage. Japan’s continuing strong support for IDA in our current replenishment round will be critical if we are to scale up our efforts over the next three years.
我们还通过面向最贫困国家的基金国际开发协会，协助一批国家为全面健康覆盖奠定基础。日本继续对本轮国际开发协会增资给予强有力的支持，这对于我们在未来三年扩大我们的业务规模是至关重要的。
And through the International Finance Corporation, our private sector arm, we are helping both middle- and low-income countries harness the resources and innovation of the private sector, working in concert with the public sector. The private sector represents a large, and in many cases, growing share of the health care market in developing countries--so the private sector must be integrated into universal health coverage reform efforts.
我们也通过世行的私营部门窗口国际金融公司，帮助中等收入国家和低收入国家充分利用私营部门的资源与创新，与公共部门协同努力。私营部门在发展中国家的医疗保健市场中占有很大份额，而且在许多情况下其份额还在持续增长。因此，必须将私营部门结合到全民健康覆盖的改革努力之中。
While there is no single pathway for countries to achieve universal health coverage, all countries can learn from one another’s experiences as they chart and calibrate their own paths. Why, for example, are some countries able to achieve better maternal and child health outcomes than others with the same level of resources? How have some countries managed a rapid expansion in coverage? What are the best ways for governments to engage private sector partners while ensuring equity and quality?
虽然各国实现全民健康覆盖没有统一的路径，但各国在规划和调整自己的路径时可以相互学习交流经验。例如，为什么有些国家能以同等的资源取得更好的孕产妇和儿童健康结果？有些国家是如何做到快速扩大健康覆盖的？政府吸收私营部门伙伴参与同时又确保公平与质量的最佳途径是什么？
As a global health community, we need to document, evaluate, and share lessons across countries, to save lives, reduce spiraling health care costs, and demonstrate value for the money. That’s why at the World Bank Group we are placing a priority on what we are calling the science of delivery. We are gathering data and evidence on what works and what doesn’t. We are beginning to systematically capture this knowledge and then we will make sure that these lessons from experiences around the world can be applied to local situations.
作为一个全球健康社会，我们需要记录、评估和分享各国的经验，以挽救生命，降低不断攀升的医疗保健成本，并证明物有所值。这就是为什么我们世界银行集团重视我们称之为“交付的科学”，收集“可行”与“不可行”的数据和实证，我们已开始系统地捕获这种知识，然后确保从世界各国经验中获得的启示可以应用到本地情况下。
This is where our Japan-World Bank Group Partnership Program on universal health coverage and this conference play such an important role, yielding a wealth of practical lessons from country experiences.
这就是日本与世界银行集团全民健康覆盖合作计划以及此次大会的用武之地，从各国经验中产生大量丰富的实际经验启示。
