语法拓展
宾语补足语
在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语后意义仍不完整,还需要有一个其他的句子成分来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,这一成分被称为宾语补足语,简称宾补。宾语与宾语补足语的在一起称为复合宾语。
1) 常跟复合宾语的动词有:call, name, make, think, find, leave, keep, nominate(任命), choose; elect(选举), define(定义), regard, see, recognize, treat, take, consider, look up, refer to(提到), accept(接受), acknowledge(承认),describe, depict(描述), represent(表现出), declare(宣称), denounce(指责), employ(雇佣), use, show, organize, express(表达)等。
2) 一般情况下,宾补紧跟在宾语之后。能够充当宾语补足语的成分有:不定式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介词短语等。例如:
I find learning English difficult.(difficult 是形容词作宾补)
I saw the kite up and down.(up and down 是副词作宾补)
He required us to be present at the meeting.(to be present 是不定式作宾补)