虚拟语气


假设语气：表示与事实相反
1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设用假设法,副词子句的动词用过去式，BE不分人称，一律用were，主要子句动词用助动词 should (would, could, might)+原形动词。

I have to finish this part of the book. If I didn't finish it now, I would feel very bad.
我得看完这书的这一部份。如果我现在不看完，我感觉就会很不好。

If I were you, I would play first and study later. You always have time for the homework.
如果我是你，我就会先玩儿后学习。总会有时间做功课的。

2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设或想像，副词子句的动词用过去完成式，主要子句用助动词 should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词。

If you hadn't pushed me, I wouldn't have fallen over.
你如果不推我，我就不会摔倒的。

3. 表示与将来事实相反的假设，主要子句的述语动词主要用should (would, could, might)+原形动词，副词子句的动词有三种形式：

形式1：过去式，BE一律用were，表示假设成为现实的可能性较大。

形式2：should+原形动词，表示假设成为现实的可能性较小。

形式3：were+to+原形动词,表示假设成为现实的可能性最小,多用于正式文体中。

If I should fall over, I would get up myself.
倘若我摔倒了，我就会自己爬起来的。

If I were you, I would go fishing tomorrow.
如果我是你，我明天会去钓鱼。

4. 当副词子句与主要子句所表示的时间不一致时，假设语气结构形式应根据所指的实际时间来选用。

If I hadn't played basketball, I would be quite all right now.
如果我不玩篮球的话，我现在什么事都不会有了。

副词子句与过去事实相反，主要子句与现在事实相反。