1998 翻译延伸
1、But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they are seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.
【分析】
多重复合句。句子主干为it was the farthest。that 引导定语从句,修饰the farthest。for引导原因状语从句,其中又包含what引导的主语从句以及that引导的定语从句。翻译时,由于两个定语从句都较短,可前置译为“的”字结构;for引导的原因状语从句和what引导的主语从句顺译。
【译文】
但更为重要的是,这是科学家们所能观测到的最遥远的过去的景象,因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。
2、The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.
【分析】
简单句。句子主干是The existence…was…required for the Big Bang。first put forward …为过去分词短语作the Big Bang的后置定语,翻译时可译为前置定语。不定式结构to maintain its reign…为目的状语,其逻辑主语是the Big Bang,按照汉语表达习惯,该目的状语可译子主语之后,谓语动词之前。主句的被动结构 be required for…“是为…所要求的”,可译为汉语的系表结构“是…所不可缺少的”,从而使译文更地道。
【点拨】
reign原意为“当政,统治”,本句中可译为“地位”。
【译文】
巨大的宇宙云的存在,实际上是使20世纪20 年代首创的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位所不可缺少的。