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我们为什么容易花粉过敏
So spring time is upon us, and the weather is beautiful! Flowers are blooming and people are breaking out their shorts and t-shirts.
春天是一个很美丽的季节。鲜花盛开，人们穿着短袜和T恤外出踏青。
But, if you’re like me, you’re miserable,and stuck at home with a runny-nosed and puffy eyes.
但是，如果你像我一样，你肯定就非常痛苦，眼睛肿胀，还老是流鼻涕。
But why do we have to suffer from the horrible allergies?
但是我们为什么要遭受这种可怕的过敏症状？
“An allergy is actually a mistake that the immune system is making. Normally we’d make antibodies to fight germs,or recognize germs, but in this case the immune system has made a mistake,it’s making an antibody that recognizes harmless things such as pollens or animal dander.”
“过敏是免疫系统犯的一个错误。通常情况下我们会产生抗体来抵抗细菌，或者识别细菌，但是当免疫系统犯错的时候，抗体会把无害的东西识别为有害的东西，比如花粉或动物皮屑。”
Inside every allergy sufferer, there lies an immune system that mistakenly produces an antibody known as immunoglobin E.
在每一个过敏患者体内，他们的免疫系统都会错误地产生一种名叫免疫球蛋白E的抗体。
When these unfortunate people breathe in the pollen,the antibody triggers an allergic reaction. But we’re not just talking about any kind of pollen, here.
当容易过敏的人吸入花粉的时候，抗体会引发过敏反应。但是我们说的并不是任何种类的花粉。
It’s commonly thought that allergy-causing pollen comes from big, pretty flowers like this,
(Big Yellow sunflower image on screen).
人们通常认为，会导致过敏的花粉来自这种非常大，非常漂亮的花。
But actually, that pollen is too heavy to go airborne.
实际上，这种花粉太重了，不能通过空气传播。
Allergies are caused by pollens from trees and grasses that are small and light enough to be carried by the wind.
过敏由比较小，比较轻，足够风力传播的树木和青草的花粉导致。
“When the immune system, somebody who’s allergic,recognizes these pollens, the immunoglobin E.activates cells of the immune system, mast cells,and these mast cells will release chemicals that cause allergic reactions.
“当容易过敏的人的免疫系统识别到这些花粉时，免疫球蛋白E激活了免疫系统细胞，肥大细胞，这些细胞会释放出导致过敏反应的化学物质。”
One of the most well-known chemicals that cause reactions is histamine.
导致过敏反应的最广为人知的化学物质就是组胺。
Histamine is a small organic molecule and how histamine works is as a small chemical messenger,finds a receptor that’s on many, many cells of the body called a histamine receptor and sends that cell a message.
组胺是一种小的有机分子，组胺作为一个小的化学信使，找到体内许多叫做组胺接收器的细胞，向这些细胞传递信息。
For example blood vessels when it binds to that receptor it tells the blood vessel to become leaky,which causes the runny nose that you get or for example they can cause receptors on nerves which the histamine will activate and that gives you the sensation of itchy nose that you might feel during pollen exposure.”
比如，当血管绑定到这个接收器的时候，它会告诉血管变得容易渗漏，当你置身花粉中的时候导致流鼻涕，或者激活神经上的接收器，让你感到鼻子瘙痒。
So if you’re wheezing and sneezing this spring,try to stay indoors early in the morning when there’s more pollen floating around.
所以，如果你春季哮喘或者打喷嚏，清晨花粉四处飘散的时候最好待在室内。
But if you have to go out there, at least pack some tissues! And maybe some anti-histamines.
但是如果你必须外出，最好装一些纸巾。或者也带一些抗组织胺药物。
