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名著精读:《悉达多》-沙门(2)

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By his side lived Govinda, his shadow, walked the same paths, undertook the same efforts. They rarely spoke to one another, than the service and the exercises required. Occasionally the two of them went through the villages, to beg for food for themselves and their teachers.戈文达在他身边生活,是他的影子,跟他走同样的路,受同样的磨难。他们互相很少讲话,只讲工作和修行所需的话。有时,他们两个人一起穿村过街,去为自己和老师化缘。
"How do you think, Govinda," Siddhartha spoke one day while begging this way, "how do you think did we progress? Did we reach any goals?"“你怎么想,戈文达?”席特哈尔塔在一次化缘途中问道,“你怎么想,咱们是继续前进吗?咱们达到目标了吗?”
Govinda answered: "We have learned, and we'll continue learning. You'll be a great Samana, Siddhartha. Quickly, you've learned every exercise, often the old Samanas have admired you. One day, you'll be a holy man, oh Siddhartha."戈文达回答:“咱们已经学会了,而且还要继续学下去。你会成为一个伟大的沙门,席特哈尔塔。每一种功夫你都学得很快,那些老沙门经常赞扬你。你总有一天会成为圣人,席特哈尔塔。”
Quoth Siddhartha: "I can't help but feel that it is not like this, my friend. What I've learned, being among the Samanas, up to this day, this, oh Govinda, I could have learned more quickly and by simpler means. In every tavern of that part of a town where the whorehouses are, my friend, among carters and gamblers I could have learned it."席特哈尔塔说:“我可不这么看,朋友。迄今为止我向沙门到的东西,戈文达,其实可以更快更直截了当地学到。在妓院区的小酒馆里,朋友,在马车夫和赌徒中间,我其实也可以学到。”
Quoth Govinda: "Siddhartha is putting me on. How could you have learned meditation, holding your breath, insensitivity against hunger and pain there among these wretched people?"戈文达说:“席特哈尔塔,你大概是在跟我开玩笑吧。在那些可怜虫那儿,你怎么能学会沉思潜修,怎么能学会屏息敛气,怎么能学会忍耐饥饿和痛苦呢?”
And Siddhartha said quietly, as if he was talking to himself: "What is meditation? What is leaving one's body? What is fasting? What is holding one's breath? It is fleeing from the self, it is a short escape of the agony of being a self, it is a short numbing of the senses against the pain and the pointlessness of life. The same escape, the same short numbing is what the driver of an ox-cart finds in the inn, drinking a few bowls of rice-wine or fermented coconut-milk. Then he won't feel his self any more, then he won't feel the pains of life any more, then he finds a short numbing of the senses. When he falls asleep over his bowl of rice-wine, he'll find the same what Siddhartha and Govinda find when they escape their bodies through long exercises, staying in the non-self. This is how it is, oh Govinda."席特哈尔塔轻声回答,就好像在自言自语:“什么是沉思潜修?什么是脱离躯体?什么是斋戒?什么是屏息敛气?那都是逃离自我,是从自我的痛苦中短暂的挣脱,是对抗生活的痛苦和荒谬的短暂麻醉。这种逃脱,这种短暂麻醉,即使赶车人在小客栈里也可以找到,只要他喝上几杯米酒或发过酵的椰子汁就行。然后,他就不再感觉到自我,不再感觉到生活的痛苦,得到了短暂的麻醉。他喝了米酒后迷迷糊糊地入睡,找到的正是席特哈尔塔和戈文达找到的感觉,而咱们却得经过长期间的苦修后才能摆脱自己的躯壳,在非我之中停留。就是这么回事,戈文达。”
Quoth Govinda: "You say so, oh friend, and yet you know that Siddhartha is no driver of an ox-cart and a Samana is no drunkard. It's true that a drinker numbs his senses, it's true that he briefly escapes and rests, but he'll return from the delusion, finds everything to be unchanged, has not become wiser, has gathered no enlightenment,--has not risen several steps."戈文达说:“你怎么这样说,朋友,你毕竟知道,席特哈尔塔不是赶牛人,而是一个沙门也不是酒鬼。酒鬼可以得到麻醉,得到短暂的逃避与休息,但是当他从幻觉中醒来时,就会发现一切仍是老样子,他并没有变得更聪明些,并没有积累什么知识,并没有登上更高的台阶。”
And Siddhartha spoke with a smile: "I do not know, I've never been a drunkard. But that I, Siddhartha, find only a short numbing of the senses in my exercises and meditations and that I am just as far removed from wisdom, from salvation, as a child in the mother's womb, this I know, oh Govinda, this I know."席特哈尔塔含笑说道:“我不知道这些,我从来没做过醉鬼。但是我,席特哈尔塔,在我的苦行与潜修中只是得到了短暂的麻醉,而距离智慧,距离获救却依然像我是母体中的胎儿时那么遥远,这点我知道,戈文达,这点我清楚。”
And once again, another time, when Siddhartha left the forest together with Govinda, to beg for some food in the village for their brothers and teachers, Siddhartha began to speak and said: "What now, oh Govinda, might we be on the right path? Might we get closer to enlightenment? Might we get closer to salvation? Or do we perhaps live in a circle-- we, who have thought we were escaping the cycle?"后来又有一次,席特哈尔塔与戈文达一起离开了森林,到村子里去为他们的弟兄和老师化缘。席特哈尔塔开口说道:“现在怎么样,戈文达,咱们大概走对了路了吧?咱们已经接近知识了吧?咱们已经接近获救了吧?抑或咱们只不过是在兜圈子——却自以为是逃脱了这种轮回?”
Quoth Govinda: "We have learned a lot, Siddhartha, there is still much to learn. We are not going around in circles, we are moving up, the circle is a spiral, we have already ascended many a level."戈文达说:“咱们学到了很多东西,席特哈尔塔,可是也还有很多东西要再去学。咱们不是在原地兜圈子,而是往上走,这圆圈是个螺旋。咱们已经上了好几级台阶。”
Siddhartha answered: "How old, would you think, is our oldest Samana, our venerable teacher?"席特哈尔塔说道:“你讲讲看,咱们那位老沙门,那个可敬的老师,大约多少岁了?”
Quoth Govinda: "Our oldest one might be about sixty years of age."戈文达说:“大概六十岁了吧。”
And Siddhartha: "He has lived for sixty years and has not reached the nirvana. He'll turn seventy and eighty, and you and me, we will grow just as old and will do our exercises, and will fast, and will meditate. But we will not reach the nirvana, he won't and we won't. Oh Govinda, I believe out of all the Samanas out there, perhaps not a single one, not a single one, will reach the nirvana. We find comfort, we find numbness, we learn feats, to deceive others. But the most important thing, the path of paths, we will not find."席特哈尔塔说:“他已经六十岁了,却还没有达到涅PAN。他可能会活到七十岁和八十岁,而你和我,咱们也同样会变老。咱们不停地苦练、斋戒和沉思潜修。可是,咱们都不会达到涅PAN,他不行,咱们也不行。哦,戈文达,我相信,在所有的沙门中大概没一个能达到涅PAN。咱们得到了安慰,得到了麻醉,学会了种种自我迷惑的技巧。但重要的是咱们没找到那条路中之路。”
"If you only," spoke Govinda, "wouldn't speak such terrible words, Siddhartha! How could it be that among so many learned men, among so many Brahmans, among so many austere and venerable Samanas, among so many who are searching, so many who are eagerly trying, so many holy men, no one will find the path of paths?"戈文达说:“但愿你别说这么耸人听闻的话,席特哈尔塔!在这么多有学问的人当中,在这么多婆罗门当中,在这么多严肃和可敬的沙门当中,在这么多孜孜不倦、热心勤奋、高尚圣洁的人当中,怎么就没一个能找到那条路中之路呢?”
But Siddhartha said in a voice which contained just as much sadness as mockery, with a quiet, a slightly sad, a slightly mocking voice: "Soon, Govinda, your friend will leave the path of the Samanas, he has walked along your side for so long. I'm suffering of thirst, oh Govinda, and on this long path of a Samana, my thirst has remained as strong as ever. I always thirsted for knowledge, I have always been full of questions. I have asked the Brahmans, year after year, and I have asked the holy Vedas, year after year, and I have asked the devote Samanas, year after year. Perhaps, oh Govinda, it had been just as well, had been just as smart and just as profitable, if I had asked the hornbill-bird or the chimpanzee. It took me a long time and am not finished learning this yet, oh Govinda: that there is nothing to be learned! There is indeed no such thing, so I believe, as what we refer to as `learning'. There is, oh my friend, just one knowledge, this is everywhere, this is Atman, this is within me and within you and within every creature. And so I'm starting to believe that this knowledge has no worser enemy than the desire to know it, than learning."但是,席特哈尔塔却用一种既伤心又嘲讽的声音,用一种轻轻的、有些伤心又有些嘲讽的声音说道:“戈文达,你的朋友不久就要离开这条跟 你一起走了这么久的沙门之路了。我很干渴,戈文达,在这条漫长的沙门之路上,我的干渴丝毫也没能缓解。我一直在渴求知识,我一直充满了疑问。年复一年,我请教了婆罗门,年复一年,我请教了神圣的《吠陀》。啊,戈文达,或许我去向犀鸟或黑猩猩求教,也会同样有益,同样聪明,同样见效。啊,戈文达,我花费了很长的时间,现在仍没有结束,结果是弄明白了这点:并没有什么东西可学!因此我相信,实际上并没有那种咱们称之为‘学习’的东西。哦,朋友,只有一种知识是普通存在的,那就是阿特曼,它在我身上,也在你身上,它在每个人身上。于是,我开始相信:这种知识的死敌正是求知的欲望,是学习。”
At this, Govinda stopped on the path, rose his hands, and spoke: "If you, Siddhartha, only would not bother your friend with this kind of talk! Truly, you words stir up fear in my heart. And just consider: what would become of the sanctity of prayer, what of the venerability of the Brahmans' caste, what of the holiness of the Samanas, if it was as you say, if there was no learning?! What, oh Siddhartha, what would then become of all of this what is holy, what is precious, what is venerable on earth?!"戈文达在路上停下了,举起双手来说:“席特哈尔塔,你可千万别用这种话来吓你的朋友!真的,你的话在我心里引起了恐惧。你想想,假如真像你说的那样,没有了学习,那么,哪里还有祈祷的神圣,哪里还有婆罗门种姓的尊严,哪里还有沙门的神圣呢?!啊!席特哈尔塔,那么,世上一切神圣、宝贵和可敬的东西将会变成什么样子呢?!”

By his side lived Govinda, his shadow, walked the same paths, undertook the same efforts. They rarely spoke to one another, than the service and the exercises required. Occasionally the two of them went through the villages, to beg for food for themselves and their teachers.

"How do you think, Govinda," Siddhartha spoke one day while begging this way, "how do you think did we progress? Did we reach any goals?"

Govinda answered: "We have learned, and we'll continue learning. You'll be a great Samana, Siddhartha. Quickly, you've learned every exercise, often the old Samanas have admired you. One day, you'll be a holy man, oh Siddhartha."

Quoth Siddhartha: "I can't help but feel that it is not like this, my friend. What I've learned, being among the Samanas, up to this day, this, oh Govinda, I could have learned more quickly and by simpler means. In every tavern of that part of a town where the whorehouses are, my friend, among carters and gamblers I could have learned it."

Quoth Govinda: "Siddhartha is putting me on. How could you have learned meditation, holding your breath, insensitivity against hunger and pain there among these wretched people?"

And Siddhartha said quietly, as if he was talking to himself: "What is meditation? What is leaving one's body? What is fasting? What is holding one's breath? It is fleeing from the self, it is a short escape of the agony of being a self, it is a short numbing of the senses against the pain and the pointlessness of life. The same escape, the same short numbing is what the driver of an ox-cart finds in the inn, drinking a few bowls of rice-wine or fermented coconut-milk. Then he won't feel his self any more, then he won't feel the pains of life any more, then he finds a short numbing of the senses. When he falls asleep over his bowl of rice-wine, he'll find the same what Siddhartha and Govinda find when they escape their bodies through long exercises, staying in the non-self. This is how it is, oh Govinda."

Quoth Govinda: "You say so, oh friend, and yet you know that Siddhartha is no driver of an ox-cart and a Samana is no drunkard. It's true that a drinker numbs his senses, it's true that he briefly escapes and rests, but he'll return from the delusion, finds everything to be unchanged, has not become wiser, has gathered no enlightenment,--has not risen several steps."

And Siddhartha spoke with a smile: "I do not know, I've never been a drunkard. But that I, Siddhartha, find only a short numbing of the senses in my exercises and meditations and that I am just as far removed from wisdom, from salvation, as a child in the mother's womb, this I know, oh Govinda, this I know."

And once again, another time, when Siddhartha left the forest together with Govinda, to beg for some food in the village for their brothers and teachers, Siddhartha began to speak and said: "What now, oh Govinda, might we be on the right path? Might we get closer to enlightenment? Might we get closer to salvation? Or do we perhaps live in a circle-- we, who have thought we were escaping the cycle?"

Quoth Govinda: "We have learned a lot, Siddhartha, there is still much to learn. We are not going around in circles, we are moving up, the circle is a spiral, we have already ascended many a level."

Siddhartha answered: "How old, would you think, is our oldest Samana, our venerable teacher?"

Quoth Govinda: "Our oldest one might be about sixty years of age."

And Siddhartha: "He has lived for sixty years and has not reached the nirvana. He'll turn seventy and eighty, and you and me, we will grow just as old and will do our exercises, and will fast, and will meditate. But we will not reach the nirvana, he won't and we won't. Oh Govinda, I believe out of all the Samanas out there, perhaps not a single one, not a single one, will reach the nirvana. We find comfort, we find numbness, we learn feats, to deceive others. But the most important thing, the path of paths, we will not find."

"If you only," spoke Govinda, "wouldn't speak such terrible words, Siddhartha! How could it be that among so many learned men, among so many Brahmans, among so many austere and venerable Samanas, among so many who are searching, so many who are eagerly trying, so many holy men, no one will find the path of paths?"

But Siddhartha said in a voice which contained just as much sadness as mockery, with a quiet, a slightly sad, a slightly mocking voice: "Soon, Govinda, your friend will leave the path of the Samanas, he has walked along your side for so long. I'm suffering of thirst, oh Govinda, and on this long path of a Samana, my thirst has remained as strong as ever. I always thirsted for knowledge, I have always been full of questions. I have asked the Brahmans, year after year, and I have asked the holy Vedas, year after year, and I have asked the devote Samanas, year after year. Perhaps, oh Govinda, it had been just as well, had been just as smart and just as profitable, if I had asked the hornbill-bird or the chimpanzee. It took me a long time and am not finished learning this yet, oh Govinda: that there is nothing to be learned! There is indeed no such thing, so I believe, as what we refer to as `learning'. There is, oh my friend, just one knowledge, this is everywhere, this is Atman, this is within me and within you and within every creature. And so I'm starting to believe that this knowledge has no worser enemy than the desire to know it, than learning."

At this, Govinda stopped on the path, rose his hands, and spoke: "If you, Siddhartha, only would not bother your friend with this kind of talk! Truly, you words stir up fear in my heart. And just consider: what would become of the sanctity of prayer, what of the venerability of the Brahmans' caste, what of the holiness of the Samanas, if it was as you say, if there was no learning?! What, oh Siddhartha, what would then become of all of this what is holy, what is precious, what is venerable on earth?!"


戈文达在他身边生活,是他的影子,跟他走同样的路,受同样的磨难。他们互相很少讲话,只讲工作和修行所需的话。有时,他们两个人一起穿村过街,去为自己和老师化缘。

“你怎么想,戈文达?”席特哈尔塔在一次化缘途中问道,“你怎么想,咱们是继续前进吗?咱们达到目标了吗?”

戈文达回答:“咱们已经学会了,而且还要继续学下去。你会成为一个伟大的沙门,席特哈尔塔。每一种功夫你都学得很快,那些老沙门经常赞扬你。你总有一天会成为圣人,席特哈尔塔。”

席特哈尔塔说:“我可不这么看,朋友。迄今为止我向沙门到的东西,戈文达,其实可以更快更直截了当地学到。在妓院区的小酒馆里,朋友,在马车夫和赌徒中间,我其实也可以学到。”

戈文达说:“席特哈尔塔,你大概是在跟我开玩笑吧。在那些可怜虫那儿,你怎么能学会沉思潜修,怎么能学会屏息敛气,怎么能学会忍耐饥饿和痛苦呢?”

席特哈尔塔轻声回答,就好像在自言自语:“什么是沉思潜修?什么是脱离躯体?什么是斋戒?什么是屏息敛气?那都是逃离自我,是从自我的痛苦中短暂的挣脱,是对抗生活的痛苦和荒谬的短暂麻醉。这种逃脱,这种短暂麻醉,即使赶车人在小客栈里也可以找到,只要他喝上几杯米酒或发过酵的椰子汁就行。然后,他就不再感觉到自我,不再感觉到生活的痛苦,得到了短暂的麻醉。他喝了米酒后迷迷糊糊地入睡,找到的正是席特哈尔塔和戈文达找到的感觉,而咱们却得经过长期间的苦修后才能摆脱自己的躯壳,在非我之中停留。就是这么回事,戈文达。”

戈文达说:“你怎么这样说,朋友,你毕竟知道,席特哈尔塔不是赶牛人,而是一个沙门也不是酒鬼。酒鬼可以得到麻醉,得到短暂的逃避与休息,但是当他从幻觉中醒来时,就会发现一切仍是老样子,他并没有变得更聪明些,并没有积累什么知识,并没有登上更高的台阶。”

席特哈尔塔含笑说道:“我不知道这些,我从来没做过醉鬼。但是我,席特哈尔塔,在我的苦行与潜修中只是得到了短暂的麻醉,而距离智慧,距离获救却依然像我是母体中的胎儿时那么遥远,这点我知道,戈文达,这点我清楚。”

后来又有一次,席特哈尔塔与戈文达一起离开了森林,到村子里去为他们的弟兄和老师化缘。席特哈尔塔开口说道:“现在怎么样,戈文达,咱们大概走对了路了吧?咱们已经接近知识了吧?咱们已经接近获救了吧?抑或咱们只不过是在兜圈子——却自以为是逃脱了这种轮回?”

戈文达说:“咱们学到了很多东西,席特哈尔塔,可是也还有很多东西要再去学。咱们不是在原地兜圈子,而是往上走,这圆圈是个螺旋。咱们已经上了好几级台阶。”

席特哈尔塔说道:“你讲讲看,咱们那位老沙门,那个可敬的老师,大约多少岁了?”

戈文达说:“大概六十岁了吧。”

席特哈尔塔说:“他已经六十岁了,却还没有达到涅PAN。他可能会活到七十岁和八十岁,而你和我,咱们也同样会变老。咱们不停地苦练、斋戒和沉思潜修。可是,咱们都不会达到涅PAN,他不行,咱们也不行。哦,戈文达,我相信,在所有的沙门中大概没一个能达到涅PAN。咱们得到了安慰,得到了麻醉,学会了种种自我迷惑的技巧。但重要的是咱们没找到那条路中之路。”

戈文达说:“但愿你别说这么耸人听闻的话,席特哈尔塔!在这么多有学问的人当中,在这么多婆罗门当中,在这么多严肃和可敬的沙门当中,在这么多孜孜不倦、热心勤奋、高尚圣洁的人当中,怎么就没一个能找到那条路中之路呢?”

但是,席特哈尔塔却用一种既伤心又嘲讽的声音,用一种轻轻的、有些伤心又有些嘲讽的声音说道:“戈文达,你的朋友不久就要离开这条跟 你一起走了这么久的沙门之路了。我很干渴,戈文达,在这条漫长的沙门之路上,我的干渴丝毫也没能缓解。我一直在渴求知识,我一直充满了疑问。年复一年,我请教了婆罗门,年复一年,我请教了神圣的《吠陀》。啊,戈文达,或许我去向犀鸟或黑猩猩求教,也会同样有益,同样聪明,同样见效。啊,戈文达,我花费了很长的时间,现在仍没有结束,结果是弄明白了这点:并没有什么东西可学!因此我相信,实际上并没有那种咱们称之为‘学习’的东西。哦,朋友,只有一种知识是普通存在的,那就是阿特曼,它在我身上,也在你身上,它在每个人身上。于是,我开始相信:这种知识的死敌正是求知的欲望,是学习。”

戈文达在路上停下了,举起双手来说:“席特哈尔塔,你可千万别用这种话来吓你的朋友!真的,你的话在我心里引起了恐惧。你想想,假如真像你说的那样,没有了学习,那么,哪里还有祈祷的神圣,哪里还有婆罗门种姓的尊严,哪里还有沙门的神圣呢?!啊!席特哈尔塔,那么,世上一切神圣、宝贵和可敬的东西将会变成什么样子呢?!”
重点单词   查看全部解释    
chimpanzee [.tʃimpæn'zi:]

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n. 黑猩猩

 
occasionally [ə'keiʒənəli]

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adv. 偶尔地

 
austere [ɔ:'stiə]

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adj. 严峻的,严格的,简朴的,禁欲的,苦行的

联想记忆
spiral ['spaiərəl]

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n. 旋涡,螺旋形之物
adj. 螺旋形的,盘

 
delusion [di'lu:ʒən]

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n. 错觉

联想记忆
bowl [bəul]

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n. 碗,碗状物,季后赛,圆形露天剧场
v.

 
spoke [spəuk]

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v. 说,说话,演说

 
prayer [prɛə]

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n. 祈祷,祷告,祷文
v. 祷告,祷文

 
smart [smɑ:t]

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adj. 聪明的,时髦的,漂亮的,敏捷的,轻快的,整洁的

 
profitable ['prɔfitəbl]

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adj. 有益的,有用的

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