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酒精是世上最危险毒药的十大理由(上)

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Daily alcohol consumption has become a way of life for many people. From beer and wine to cocktails, alcoholic beverages are the drinks or choice at happy hours, formal dinners and recreational events. Alcohol in some form is often the "stress reliever" for people who want to relax and forget about the cares and worries of the day. After a hard day at work, it is not unusual for some people to head to bars or restaurants to drink away their sorrows with a group of coworkers while others prefer to go home and relax on the sofa with a glass of wine.Some people cruise through life seemingly unaffected by their alcohol use while others sink into an abyss of alcohol addiction. Not only that, alcohol is a chemical that can damage the body to the point of disability and death. Although alcohol causes a myriad of problems, drinking is considered socially acceptable in part because it is legal. However, anyone who is considering drinking alcohol should pay close attention the following top 10 reasons why alcohol is the most dangerous substance in the world.

日常饮酒已成为人们生活中的一种行为习惯。无论在欢庆之时,还是正规晚宴,抑或单纯消遣时光,啤酒、红酒或者鸡尾酒这些酒精饮品都可谓必备品!在一定程度上,酒就像一名压力调解师,它可以帮助人们缓解并忘记工作或生活中的不快和忧虑。经过一天的辛苦劳作,与自己的同事去酒吧或饭馆一醉方休的人不在少数,但也有些人,更喜欢独自回家,于沙发上小憩,慢品一杯小酒。但生活中总有一群人,饮酒却不会上瘾,可有些人却深陷酒精泥潭不能自拔。酒精这种化学制剂,有害身体健康,轻则致残,重则致死。尽管酒精会带来这样或那样的问题,但饮酒仍是社交利器,因为饮酒并不违法。然而不管是谁,只要你动了饮酒的念头,敬请关注本文:酒精被称为世界上最危险物品的十个原因。

10.Drinking Alcohol Can Lead to Financial Ruin

10.饮酒可致人倾家荡产

饮酒可致人倾家荡产

Alcohol use can cause financial problems. A person who becomes addicted to alcohol will do just about anything to obtain the next drink. It is not unusual for an alcoholic to spend his or her entire paycheck on binge drinking. Social drinking in a festive environment can make one feel like the king or queen of the world, and in a moment of self-aggrandizement he or she might buy rounds of drinks for everyone–on the house. With the price of alcohol, it won't long to blow a paycheck on a night of throwing back drinks with friends and strangers. In fact there are people who will take advantage or an alcoholic's generosity by making him or her feel like the most important person in the room just to keep the drinks flowing. Spending excessive money on alcohol means that the bills don't get paid and children go without food, clothing and other essentials. It is not unusual for the alcoholic who neglects his or her family to end up alone and homeless. Additionally failing to meet other financial because of drinking impacts one's credit standing. Bills that are not paid on time lead to low credit scores. Low credit scores can affect the ability to get a job or a house and even when a person stops drinking it may take years to regain a good credit rating.

嗜酒成性的人,总会为下一口好酒不顾一切。酒鬼们愿意倾其所有来换一次短暂的饮酒狂欢,这数见不鲜。欢庆之时,为社交而饮酒的各位,会有种世界唯我独尊的错觉,甚至某些人为了逞一时之威,而独自承担到场嘉宾的全部饮酒费用。无论是和朋友还是和陌生人推杯换盏,都是你来买单,很快就会让你身无分文。事实上,有些有心之人会让酒鬼感觉自己就是这屋里的大人物,目的是让酒鬼继续慷慨买单。倘若喝酒消费过多,可能导致还账单的日期又将延后,孩子们的食物、衣服等必需品又将无法新购。所以,对抛家弃子的酒鬼们来说,最终沦落到无家可归的境地,再合理不过。另外,酒鬼们能得到社会上的经济支援也是很困难的,因为他们的饮酒恶习,会影响他们的借贷信用譬如,拖延还账,导致信用积分过低,信用积分过低又影响个人求职与购房。即使酒鬼终于放下了酒罐子,也要用很长时间才能恢复其良好信用度。

9.Drinking Alcohol Can Lead to Chronic Health Problems

9.饮酒可致多种慢性疾病

饮酒可致多种慢性疾病

Alcohol leads to chronic health conditions associated with poor nutrition. Obesity is the cause of several chronic conditions that result in a poor quality of life and death. Obesity has been linked to heart disease, cancer, diabetes, stroke and other diseases. Consuming large amounts of alcohol can pile on the calories. Everyone has heard of the infamous beer belly. While the beer may not be the total culprit, downing several beers of 150 calories each will certainly contribute to extra girth around the waist. Additionally, where there is beer drinking, there is usually a good amount of junk food or calorie laden food available. Drinking alcohol contributes to a lot of mindless eating even when a person is not hungry. Eating in this way piles on the pounds, especially when the individual consuming the extra calories leads a sedentary lifestyle. On the other hand, over consumption of alcohol leads to under nutrition for some drinkers.

由酒精引起的慢性疾病,多会导致人体营养失衡。肥胖症是由多种慢性疾病共同引发的,可能导致体能下降,情况严重时还会有生命危险。肥胖症会导致一些重症,如心脏病、癌症、糖尿病和中风等。同时,摄入大量的酒精还会增加自身的卡路里含量。想必大家都知道啤酒肚吧,但啤酒并不是啤酒肚的元凶,即使热量低至150卡路里的啤酒,也会让你的腰围随着饮酒量而慢慢膨胀。喝啤酒的同时,通常还会吃大量垃圾食品或高热量食品,即使本来不饿的人,喝了啤酒后也会吃很多下酒菜。照这种吃法,会导致体重增加;如果你吃得多,还过着长期伏案需久坐的工作,体重增加更多。过度饮酒还会让一些人营养不良。
The individual who binges on alcohol might forget to eat or may have more of an appetite for alcohol than food. As a result, the drinker can lose nutrients and minerals, leading to poor nutritional status. Excessive drinking can contribute to osteoporosis. Heavy alcohol use is said to interfere with calcium absorption. Calcium is essential not only for strong bones, but strong teeth, which means that heavy drinkers are also at risk for dental problems. The fact is that drinking alcohol leads to a host of costly health issues.
饮酒狂欢过后,人们可能会忘了吃饭,"酒胃"反而大开。而随之而来的后果是,这些溺酒者缺少人体所需的营养物质,久而久之整个人的身体也就垮掉了。另外,过度饮酒还会引发骨质疏松因为过高的酒精含量会影响人体对钙化合物的吸收。我们都知道,钙是骨骼和牙齿发育的重要组成成分,所以饮酒过量通常也会对牙齿的正常生长造成影响。总之一句话,饮酒对我们身体的损害程度万万不容小觑,可别为了一时的爱好而赔了身体哦!

8.Drinking Alcohol can Lead to Premature Death

8.饮酒可致短命

饮酒可致短命

Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to early death. From 2006 through 2010, 88,000 people died from heavy alcohol use and their lives were shortened by about 30 years. Heavy drinkers are at a higher risk for liver disease and heart disease. The heavy drinker who already has these conditions will find that alcohol consumption makes them worse. Drinking too much at one time can lead to sudden death from alcohol poisoning. Alcohol poisoning is the result of overwhelming the body with alcohol. It is not unusual for young adults participating in recreational binge drinking to die from alcohol poisoning.

过度饮酒可致早亡。自2006年至2010年,8.8万人死于过度饮酒,少活了约30年。酗酒者易患肝病和心脏病。有这类疾病的酗酒者则会因酗酒而加重病情。一次喝太多酒会因酒精中毒(人体所含酒精过量)而猝死。年轻人,特别是饮酒狂欢时,死于酒精中毒的情况也时有发生。
According to the Centers for Disease control, in the U.S. an average of six people die of alcohol poisoning each day. Three out of four deaths occur in adults with men being at the highest risk. A person suffering from alcohol poisoning or alcohol intoxication may exhibit the following symptoms: confusion, irregular breathing (several seconds between breaths), slow breathing, pale or blue-tinged skin, seizures, hypothermia, confusion and unconsciousness. Any of these symptoms observed in a person who drinks heavily could indicate alcohol poisoning. People who drink heavily may also sink into a deep depression that can lead to suicide. People who drink too much generally exercise poor judgment that leads to risky behaviors result in permanent disability or death. Unfortunately too many people observe their friends drinking to the point of being totally out of control while encouraging them to keep drinking or simply standing by passively without intervening.
据美国疾病控制中心的材料显示,每天平均有6人死于酒精中毒,其中3/4为成年男性。酒精中毒或醉酒的人可能有以下症状:言语混乱,呼吸不规律(每次呼吸所用时间不同),呼吸缓慢,皮肤苍白或泛蓝,癫痫,体温过低,大脑混乱,意识迷失等。饮酒过度的人,如有以上任何症状,可能是酒精中毒了。过量饮酒的人,会陷入情绪低迷状态,从而引发自杀。饮酒过量的人会判断失误,做出危险举动致终身残疾或死亡。不幸的是,很多人发现他们的朋友喝到情绪或行为失控还会一直向朋友劝酒,或者在一旁看着朋友不停地喝酒,而不加劝阻。

7.Drinking Alcohol Causes People to Lose Their Sensibilities

7.饮酒使人丧失敏感性

饮酒使人丧失敏感性

People who drink alcohol excessively they tend to throw common sense out the window or lose their inhibitions. They say things they would not usually say and may regret later. They also engage in behaviors that would be very embarrassing during times of sobriety. An intoxicated person may put his or her whole entire reputation or career on the line for one night of drinking. For example, people who get drunk may participate in high risk sexual activities such as having unprotected sex or engaging in sexual acts with multiple partners. The next day they may have no recollection of what happened. This not only puts the vulnerable person's reputation at risk but also exposes him or her to sexually transmitted diseases.

过度饮酒的人,容易把常识抛到九霄云外或行为举止毫无顾忌如,说一些平常不会说或事后会后悔的话,做一些让他们在清醒时会很尴尬的举动。只因一夜狂饮,有的人可能就会将其一生的名誉或事业置于险境中。举个例子,一个喝醉了的人极易与人发生一夜情,可能做爱无套或乱交。第二天,他们会忘了头天晚上发生的所有事。这不仅是在拿不堪一击的个人名誉冒险,还会有感染性病的危险。
Unwanted pregnancies can also occur when people engage in sex while drinking. It is not unusual for adolescents and adults to engage in criminal activity when drinking alcohol. Again, this is a case where inhibitions are may be lowered and an individual may feel a false sense of bravery that makes it easy for him or her to get involved in criminal behavior. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, for 40 percent of the persons in jail or prison for homicide, alcohol played a role in their crimes. In fact, alcohol is a factor in all types of violent crimes, including rape and aggravated assault. Anyone who becomes intoxicated with alcohol is at risk for committing crimes or becoming a victim of crime.
醉酒后做爱仍有意外怀孕的可能。不管是小青年还是成年人,酒后犯罪也时有发生。饮酒会让人行为毫无顾忌,有的人也会因酒误判,对"勇敢"产生幻觉,借酒壮胆参与犯罪。美国司法部资料显示,锒铛入狱的杀人犯中,有40%是在酒精的作用下走上犯罪道路的。事实上,在强奸、重伤害等暴力犯罪中,酒精可谓难辞其咎。醉酒或因酒精兴奋的人,都有可能走上犯罪之路或成为犯罪受害者。

6.Drinking Alcohol Can Lead to Cirrhosis of the Liver

6.喝酒能导致肝硬化

喝酒能导致肝硬化

Alcohol can lead to permanent organ damage. When most people think of organ damage associated with excessive drinking, cirrhosis of the liver comes to mind first. That is not unusual since alcohol is the most common cause of cirrhosis in the U.S. Cirrhosis of the liver can be fatal because damaged liver can no longer perform the essential processes necessary to keep the body functioning optimally. The liver is designed to work hard to keep the body healthy and from being overrun with poisonous substances. Cirrhosis affects the liver's ability to convert food into energy and prevent the organ from removing toxins from the body. The liver in people with cirrhosis contains scar tissue that reduces the flow of blood through the organ.

酒精可以对人体器官造成永久性的损伤。说起酗酒给身体器官带来的伤害,大多数人第一时间联想到的就是肝硬化。这很正常,因为在美国,酒精就是造成人们肝硬化最常见的原因。肝硬化有可能危害到生命,因为肝脏受损后不能继续发挥原有身体机能作用,无法保持身体的最佳运行状态。肝脏是实现保持人体健康、避免身体内的有毒物质泛滥成灾的重要器官。肝硬化会抑制肝脏将食物转化成身体必需的能量,并且降低肝脏清除体内毒素的能力。这是因为肝硬化患者的肝脏有瘢痕组织,减少了流经肝脏的血液。
Heavy drinking and failing to consume enough healthy food are both factors in cirrhosis of the liver. People with cirrhosis of the liver usually experience symptoms like itching and swelling. It is harder for those with cirrhosis to fight off infections like a common cold and the flu. They may also suffer from impaired mental function that can lead to poor judgment. Those with cirrhosis may experience several symptoms including exhaustion, loss of appetite, nausea, weight loss, impotence, weakness and fatigue. With late stage cirrhosis, sufferers may experience jaundice, which is yellowing of the eyes, skin due to the buildup of bile, the fluid that the liver secretes to help with digestion of food. What is sad about cirrhosis of the liver from drinking is that the harmful effects may be avoided delayed if the person diagnosed with ceases drinking and lives a healthy lifestyle. However persons addicted to alcohol are generally not nearly as concerned with their personal health as they are about their next drink.
过量饮酒和摄入不足的健康食品,都是导致肝硬化的原因。患者通常会有瘙痒和肿胀症状,并且这会使他们比常人更难抵御一些传染病,例如普通的小感冒或流感。不仅如此,患有肝硬化,还可能使心理机能受到损害,致使判断力失常。肝硬化患者可能会出现疲惫、食欲不振、恶心、消瘦、阳痿、体虚和疲劳等症状。肝脏可以分泌胆汁帮助消化,但胆汁的郁积会引起黄疸,致使眼睛和皮肤发黄,而肝硬化晚期会病变成黄疸。如果饮酒者在被诊断出患有肝硬化的时候就停止饮酒,辅以健康作息和饮食,肝硬化是可以避免继续恶化的。而令人感到悲哀的是,酒鬼们一般更关心自己的下一顿酒,而非个人健康问题。

审校:假微信 编辑:Freya然 来源:前十网

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