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Poor eyesight can make life harder for people at any age, but it can really take a toll on children's school performance and well-being, vision experts say.
视力专家说，视力差会让任何年纪的人的生活变得更加困难，而且真的能严重影响孩子的幸福和在校表现。
If left untreated, certain eye-related conditions can lead to developmental delays, learning issues and vision loss, warned specialists from the National Center for Children's Vision and Eye Health.
美国国家儿童视力和眼睛健康中心的专家警告道，如果不加以治疗，某些与眼睛相关的疾病或能导致孩子发育迟缓、学习障碍和视力下降。
"The good news is that many vision problems in children can be treated successfully if detected early," Hugh Parry, president and CEO of Prevent Blindness, said in a news release from the organization. Prevent Blindness is the oldest nonprofit eye health and safety group in the United States.
"好消息是如果发现的早，儿童的很多视力问题都是能成功治好的，"美国眼盲防止（Prevent Blindness）组织的主席和首席执行官休·帕里在该组织的新闻发布会上说道。眼盲防止协会是美国最古老的眼健康和安全非盈利组织。
Vision problems affect more than one in 20 preschoolers and one-quarter of school-aged children, the eye experts said.
眼科专家说，视力问题影响了超过百分之五的学龄前儿童和四分之一的学龄儿童。
The group urges parents and guardians to have children receive routine vision screening even if they aren't experiencing any vision problems. If children show any signs of eye trouble, they should undergo a comprehensive eye exam by an optometrist or an ophthalmologist.
该组织敦促父母和监护人：即使在孩子没有任何视力问题的情况下，也要让他们接受常规的视力检查。如果孩子有任何眼睛出现问题的迹象，则应由验光师或眼科医生对他们进行全面的眼部检查。
Children usually don't complain about their vision, the group pointed out. But they might have nearsightedness (myopia), which is trouble seeing things at a distance. Kids could also have farsightedness (hyperopia), which is trouble seeing things at close range. There are also more serious eye conditions, including:
该组织指出，孩子通常不会抱怨自己视力不好。但他们可能近视，看远方的事物比较吃力。孩子也有可能远视，看近处的事物比较困难。还有更加严重的眼部疾病，包括：
Amblyopia, or "lazy eye". -- This is the leading cause of vision loss among kids. Typically, one eye becomes stronger than the other, causing the brain to disregard the image of the weaker eye. If left untreated, the weaker eye may suffer vision loss that can't be corrected. About 2 percent of children between the ages of 6 months and 6 years have amblyopia.
弱势。--这是儿童视力下降的主要原因。通常，一只眼睛会变得比另一只更强，导致大脑忽视较弱眼睛的图像。如果不加以治疗，较弱的那只眼睛可能会视力下降，再也无法矫正。在6个月大至6岁的儿童中，百分之二的小孩患有弱势。
Strabismus, or "crossed eyes". -- This occurs when the eyes' muscles do not align and work together properly. Up to 4 percent of young children have strabismus. If left untreated, this disorder can lead to amblyopia and vision loss.
斜眼。--当眼部肌肉没有对齐、不能正常工作时，斜眼症状就会出现。高达百分之四的小孩患有斜眼。如果不加以治疗，这一疾病可导致弱势和视力下降。
Astigmatism. This occurs if the eye's cornea or lens has an irregular shape. If not corrected, it can cause blurry vision at any distance. Up to 28 percent of children aged 5 to 17 have astigmatism. The condition is more common among kids who are nearsighted or farsighted, the eye experts said.
散光。如果眼角膜或眼晶体形状不规则，眼睛就会散光。如果不加以矫正，则会看远看近都不清楚。在5至17岁的孩子中，高达百分之二十八的孩子眼睛散光。眼科专家表示，对于近视或远视的孩子来说，这一症状更为常见。
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