语法透视:
1. Your own hands must benumb with cold.
该句子中介词with的意思是:
because of (sth); on account of (sth) 因为或由于(某事物)
典型例子:
blush with embarrassment 因难为情而脸红
tremble with fear 吓得发抖
shaking with laughter 笑得浑身直颤
Her fingers were numb with cold. 她手指冻木了。
2. Do sit down, my dear.
本句话中do是助动词,用来强调句中的谓语动词(要重读),以加强语气,此时谓语的时态由 do 来体现,其后的谓语动词用原形。如:
He does speak well. 他的确说得好。
He said he would come and he did come. 他说他会来的,他果然来了。
以上用法若用于祈使句中,可使语气更客气友好或更有说服力。如:
Do sit down. 请坐请坐!
Do be careful. 一定要仔细。
【注】以上用 do 表示强调的用法只见于肯定句,不见于否定句或疑问句。如:
误:You don't do look nice today.
误:Don't do be careless.
3. I imagine her mother must have kept her up the entire evening.
该句话中的宾语从句“her mother must have kept her up the entire evening”使用了虚拟语气。结构为must have done,这个结构表示对过去的事情的肯定猜测。
Must have done 是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是“一定”。例如:走到门外看到地上湿的,便猜“刚才一定下过雨了”,英语就是 It must have rained.
把握差一点的用should。例如:地上不是太湿,你猜“刚才应该下过雨吧。” It should have rained.
把握再差一点的用may。例如:It may have rained.刚才可能下过雨。
最不肯定的用might。例如:It might have rained。