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Once the Roman ship dropped its gangplank onto the Carthaginian ship
罗马军船一旦降下跳板它就落在迦太基人的船上
the corvus held the gangplank in place,
"乌鸦"就会固定跳板
so the Roman marines could run onboard
罗马海军就在板上奔跑
the Carthaginian ship and kill the Carthaginian sailors.
跳上迦太基人的船只，杀死他们的士兵
This innovation, the corvus,
这一项创新"乌鸦"
turned a Roman weakness into a Roman advantage.
把罗马的劣势反而转为优势
As long as the Roman fleet could
只要罗马人在战争中使用
make it into battle without sinking,
只要船不沉
that was sometimes difficult, it could win.
这有时很难，但能取得战争胜利
Eventually, this boiled down to a war of material attrition.
最终，归根结底这是物质消耗的战争
The Carthaginians blinked first.
迦太基人首先想点子
The richer Carthaginians were tired of a costly war
富裕的迦太基人想打一场昂贵的战争
and tired of paying for a fleet,
想为海军战队支付费用
so they started withholding money.
他们就开始积聚钱财
The Romans on the other hand,
但在另一边，罗马人
and especially the wealthiest Romans,
尤其是最富裕的罗马人
proved more than willing to keep spending money on the navy. Finally in two forty one BC
证明他们更愿意投资海军最终，在公元前240年
the Romans destroyed the Carthaginian fleet
罗马摧毁迦太基海军战队
and made Carthage sue for peace. The prize was basically complete Roman control over Sicily.
使迦太基屈服战利品就是对西西里岛的全权控制
That is how Rome wound up with a Navy
这也就是罗马重创海军的方式
and with its very first province of Sicily.
在它的第一个省西西里
By two thirty seven BC Rome had taken the islands of Sardinia and Corsica away from Carthage.
在公元前237年之前，罗马从迦太基手中夺取了撒丁岛和科西嘉岛
These two islands became Rome's second province.
这两个岛成为罗马的第二个省份
By acquiring territories off of mainland Italy Rome took its first steps towards Mediterranean empire.
在占领了意大利大陆之外的领土后它也开始迈向地中海帝国
Carthage was defeated alright but far from broken.
迦太基被打败了，却未被摧毁
Both sides in the first Punic war knew that it was all but inevitable that
第一次布匿战争的双方都知道不可避免的是
there would be a second go-around.
还会有第二次战争爆发
Segment eight C; Hannibal Ad Portas.
第三部分，迦太基人打上门来
The western Mediterranean was not big enough for Carthage and Rome.
地中海西部还不够大对于迦太基和罗马还不够大
Though the first Punic war was ended by treaty
尽管第一次迦太基战争结束
in two forty one BC, both sides knew that future hostilities were inevitable.
在公元前241年签订条约，但双方都明白进一步的争斗不可避免
The Romans kept chipping away
罗马人在持续分裂
at the Carthaginian Empire. Soon Sardinia and Corsica
迦太基帝国，但很快撒丁岛和科西嘉岛
became a new Roman province joining Sicily.
成为继西西里之后罗马的新省份
Rome's new acquisitions provided a massive boost to the Roman economy. Carthage, on the other hand,
罗马的新收获也大大促进了罗马的经济，而迦太基
had to rebuild its economy without the wealth of Sicily.
失去了富裕的西西里岛后又重建其经济
Sardinia and Corsica.
它也失去了富裕的撒丁岛和科西嘉岛
A new source of income was crucial
新的收入非常重要
and Spain presented a great window of opportunity.
西班牙提供了巨大的机会
Under the general, Hamilcar Barca,
在哈米尔卡，巴卡大将有带领下
Carthage very quickly conquered almost all of southern and eastern Spain. In fact,
迦太基很快就征服了几乎所有西班牙南部和东部地区
Spain's mineral resources made Carthage
事实上，西班牙的矿产资源
even wealthier than it had been prior to the first Punic War.
使迦太基更加富裕比第一次布匿战争之前更富裕
Now it was the Romans' turn to be very concerned.
现在反而是罗马开始担忧
The Carthaginian war party, led by Hamilcar
迦太基战争是由哈米尔卡领导的
and his young son Hannibal,
还有他的小儿子汉尼拔
made no secret of their determination to get even with Rome for the first Punic War.
他们并没有隐瞒自己的决定想在第一次布匿战争中与罗马打成平手
Meanwhile, Rome had already pushed
同时，罗马已经把其边境
its northern boundaries to the foot of the Alps and was looking over the Alps into southern Gaul,
向北推进，直到阿尔卑斯山脚隔阿尔卑斯山望向南部高卢
modern day France. This would be a potential second point of conflict with Carthage.
也就是当代的法国，这将会是与迦太基第二次作战的预兆
The last thing that Rome needed was a rebuilt Carthaginian army roaring all over the western Mediterranean.
罗马万事完备，只欠东风他们需要重组的迦太基军队进入西地中海地区
