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Segment 16A Russia Gets Started.
16节A，俄国的崛起。
As the eminent Oxford historian Simon Franklin observes in Russia Land of the Tsars.
牛津着名历史家西蒙·富兰克林对沙皇统治下的俄国进行研究。
"Russia is an enormous country."
俄国是一个伟大的国家。
To those of us who grew up during the Cold War,
对于在冷战期间成长的人们来说，
Russia is still one and the same with the Soviet Union, homeland of World Communism.
俄国和苏联是一样的，就是一个世界共产主义的发源地。
To those who grew up after the fall of Soviet Union,
而对于成长在苏联没落时期的人们来说，
Russia is a remote and mysterious country with superpower dreams and a 3rd world living standard.
俄国是一个遥远而神秘的国度，有超级大国梦，但生活标准却是第三世界的水平。
In its hay day which lasted from the 1500's until 1917 which we will study in Unit 4.
他的巅峰从16世纪一直到1917年我们将在第四单元学习到。
Ruled one sixth of the world's land mass.
统治世界上6分之一的土地。
The same is true of the Soviet Union which existed from 1917 to 1991, which we will study in Unit 5.
苏联也同样如此，苏联1917年建立 1991年解体，我们将在第五单元学到。
Both the Russian empire and the Soviet Union became tremendously rich and powerful states.
俄罗斯帝国和苏联都是富有强大的国家。
Both exerted a great deal of influence in the world at large.
都在世界范围内产生巨大的影响。
But before we study these empires, we'll need to learn about the Russian peoples themselves.
在我们研究这些帝国前，我们需要了解俄罗斯民族本身。
Not just the Russian speaking Slavs who made up the backbone of nation and determined its culture.
不只是说俄语的斯拉夫民族，尽管他们是这个国家的支柱决定了文化走向。
But the awesome diversity of peoples that lived in the lands that we call Russian.
而是居住在这片土地上的各个民族，我们称为俄罗斯人。
In Segment 16B the people known as the Russ.
在16节B被称为俄罗斯人。
the east Slavs of modern day Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. Come into contact with the Viking people known as the Varangians.
现在俄罗斯，白俄罗斯和乌克兰的东斯拉夫人就和瓦兰吉亚人即维京人有联系。
