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Empires come and go in China
中国总是在改朝换代
And in 1368, Han locals swept aside the Mongols to establish the Ming Dynasty
1368年，汉族人赶走蒙古人，建立了明朝
When the dynasty's founder died, a civil war ended with his fourth son Zhu Di
明朝的建立者朱元璋去世之后，内战展开，最后由其四子朱棣结束
usurping the throne from his nephew, ruling from 1402 as Emperor Yongle
篡夺朱元璋外甥的皇位，1402年开始执政，号永乐皇帝
At that time the Ming capitol was in Nanjing
当时明朝的都城在南京
Yongle had been Prince of Yuan at Dadu and was soon making plans to relocate the capitol to his northern power base
永乐帝曾在大都任元朝的燕王而且很快就计划迁都到北方的权力中心
Yongle desperately needed to legitimate his rein, which is probably why he lavished so much of China's capitol on the Forbidden City
永乐帝迫切地想要证明其统治的合法性，也许这也就是为什么他那么大肆铺张地把钱花在建造紫禁城上
In addition to commissioning a fleet of giant junks that cruised the Indian Ocean to the shores of West Africa
除了派遣一支由巨轮组成的舰队远洋至印度洋以及西非海岸，
and building much of the Great Wall, Yongle also added the Outer City to Beijing
和建造了长城的大部分之外，永乐帝还修建了北京的外城
And you can see here there's a kind of hill at the back of the Forbidden City
你们还能看到，这有一座小山在紫禁城的后面，
where they excavated the soil out of the big moat and put that artificial hill there, which is the back support of the Forbidden City
他们挖出了一条护城河然后用挖出的土堆出了一座人造的小山，作为紫禁城的支持
These are just some more views, you can get a sense of how the city sits in relation to this is the north-south axis here
这些只是更多的一些观点，你能有一个感觉就是这个城市，这个处在南北轴心的城市
to the surrounding hills. The hills are fairly close
和周围山群的关系。山群离城市很近
