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The scramble for Africa when virtually the entire continent was carved up into colonies by the European powers in the late 19th century has had consequences that continued to the present day.
19世纪末，欧洲列强将整个非洲大陆瓜分为殖民地，对非洲的争夺一直延续至今。
Nowhere was this scene clearer than in the Belgian Congo.
这一幕在比属刚果最为明显。
Originally, a private colony owned by King Leopold II before being annexed by the Belgian government in 1908.
最初，比属刚果是国王利奥波德二世拥有的私人殖民地，1908年被比利时政府吞并。
Unlike in other European colonies, the Belgians did not even pretend to care about the welfare of their colonial subjects as Belgium companies grew rich from mining the abundant natural resources in the Congo.
与其他欧洲殖民地不同，当比利时公司通过开采刚果丰富的自然资源致富时，比利时人甚至都没有假装关心殖民地国民的幸福安康。
The caste system similar to South African apartheid was in place that saw Belgians in charge of everything in the country and restricted the Congolese to subordinate positions.
类似于南非种族隔离制度的种姓制度已经就位，比利时人掌管着这个国家的一切，刚果人被限制在从属地位。
There were no native born army officers doctors and barely any university graduates.
没有刚果当地的军官、医生，也几乎没有当地的大学毕业生。
Why Belgium ran everything?
为什么比利时掌控一切?
Made all the money and lived and caroused in separate neighborhoods and entertainment districts from the indigenous people.
赚了所有的钱，在与土著居民分开的社区和娱乐区生活、狂欢享乐。
On June 30th, 1960, the Belgians rather abruptcy gave the congress independence following years of internal and external pressure to colonize.
1960年6月30日，在多年的内外压力下，比利时人突然给予刚果国会独立。
There have been no transition period, no gradual handover of power from the Belgians to the Congolese.
没有过渡时期，也没有权力从比利时逐步移交给刚果。
No attempt had been made to properly educate or train the Congolese on how to run their country they just left.
没有人试图好好教育或培训刚果人如何管理他们刚刚离开的国家。
The new Congolese government made up of men with almost no political or administrative experience.
新的刚果政府由几乎没有任何政治或行政经验的人组成。
Now to try and figure out how to manage one of the largest countries in Africa all by themselves.
现在要试着弄清楚如何独自管理非洲最大的国家之一。
It was a recipe for disaster.
这是一场灾难。
The crisis began less than a week later on July, the 5th when the Congolese army the ANC revolted after their white commander indicated that nothing about the hierarchy was going to change.
这场危机在不到一周后的7月5日就开始了，当时刚果军队——非洲人国民大会(ANC)在他们的白人指挥官表示没有任何关于等级制度的改变之后发动了起义。
The army mutiny caused panic among the white community, most of whom immediately fled the country, taking their knowledge on how to run it with them.
这支军队的兵变在白人社区中引起了恐慌，他们中的大多数人立即逃离了这个国家，带着他们如何管理这个国家的知识逃走了。
On July the 9th, Belgium sent in thousands of its troops without consulting the Congolese government, claiming they needed to protect lives and property.
7月9日，比利时在没有与刚果政府协商的情况下，派遣了数千名士兵，声称他们需要保护生命和财产。
They mostly congregated in the southeast and Katanga province, whose leader Moise Tshombe declared on July the 11th that Katanga was seceding from the rest of the Congo.
他们主要聚集在东南部和加丹加省，加丹加省领导人莫伊·查姆贝于7月11日宣布该省从刚果其他地区退出。
The intention is now clear.
现在意图很明确了。
Katanga possessed most of the mineral wealth of the Congo representing an estimated 50 of its annual GDP.
加丹加省拥有刚果的大部分矿产财富，估计占该国年国内生产总值的50%。
And to Tshombe had no intention of sharing it with the rest of the country.
而查姆贝也不打算和这个国家的其他人分享它。
Belgium which precipitated the crisis now was taking advantage of it to try and keep as much of that wealth for themselves as possible.
比利时是危机的始作俑者，现在却在利用这一点试图尽可能多地为自己保留财富。
With the country teetering on the edge of civil war, the UN and its diplomatic miracle worker Dag Hammarskjold, Oh, I called in to try and save the day.
这个国家濒临内战边缘，联合国及其外交官奇迹创造者达格·哈马舍尔德，哦，介入进来想要挽回局面。
