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Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Phil. And I'm Beth.
大家好。这里是BBC六分钟英语。我是Phil，我是Beth。
Grey hairs, wrinkles, and poor eyesight are common signs that our body is growing old. Much as we'd like to, we can't avoid ageing, so it's important to stay healthy as we get older.
白发、皱纹和视力不佳是我们身体衰老的常见迹象。尽管我们很想避免衰老，但我们无法避免，因此在变老时保持健康很重要。
In this programme, we'll be hearing about some new research offering fresh advice on how to stay young at heart, an idiom meaning to keep a youthful outlook on life, whatever your age.
在本期节目中，我们将听到一些新的研究，这些研究提供了关于如何保持年轻心态的新建议，stay young at heart这个习语的意思是无论你年龄多大，都要保持年轻的人生观。
And, of course, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
当然，我们也会学习一些有用的新词汇。
But 6 Minute English isn't just about vocabulary – we improve your listening skills as well, so why not turn on the audio subtitles or download the script to read along as you listen? It could also help you answer my question.
但六分钟英语不仅仅是词汇——我们还会提高你的听力技能，所以为什么不打开音频字幕或下载脚本边听边读呢？它也可以帮助你回答我的问题。
The oldest recorded person ever to have lived was a woman who was born in 1875, and lived to the ripe old age of 122. But which country was she from?
有史以来最长寿的人是一位出生于1875年的女性，活到了122岁。但她来自哪个国家？
Was it: a) Japan b) France or, c) Italy? I am going to say Japan. OK, Beth, I'll reveal the correct answer later in the programme.
是：a)日本，b)法国，还是c)意大利？我会说日本。好的，Beth，我将在节目后期揭晓正确答案。
Ageing is partly caused by the body's cells starting to decay, so you might think we're powerless to stop it.
衰老部分是由于身体细胞开始衰退而引起的，所以你可能认为我们无力阻止它。
But listen to this good news from Professor Sarah Harper, Director of the Oxford Institute of Population Ageing:
但请听听牛津人口老龄化研究所所长Sarah Harper教授带来的好消息：
I think the really exciting thing is that even 10 years ago we would have thought: Yes, it's all to do with our cells.
我认为真正令人兴奋的是，即使在10年前，我们也会认为：是的，这一切都与我们的细胞有关。
Now we understand this relationship between what we call 'cell and society', and we really can make a difference!
现在我们了解了我们所谓的“细胞与社会”之间的关系，我们真的可以有所作为！
And in fact, a recent paper just came out which said that 60% of our ageing can be controlled by how we live.
事实上，最近刚刚发表的一篇论文说，我们60%的衰老可以通过我们的生活方式来控制。
Professor Harper says that 60% of ageing is determined by something we can influence, our lifestyle.
Harper教授说，60%的衰老是由我们可以影响的东西决定的，那就是我们的生活方式。
So, what lifestyle should we choose? Here's Sarah Harper giving more details to BBC Radio 4 programme, 'Inside Health':
我们应该选择什么样的生活方式呢？以下是Sarah Harper向BBC Radio 4节目“Inside Health”提供的更多细节：
You know, there's obviously things like diet, which I think we'll come to, but there's also a positive attitude,and there's been some wonderful twin studies that have been done
显然有饮食之类的事情，我想我们会谈到，但积极的态度也很重要，而且已经进行了一些很棒的双胞胎研究，
where you've had twins and they have been able to map them across their lives, and if you're positive, you actually have far greater health in later life than if you're negative.
研究对象是双胞胎，研究人员能够绘制出他们一生的轨迹，如果你是积极的，那么你在晚年实际上会比消极的人更健康。
One important factor in ageing well is a positive attitude - feeling hopeful, confident, and focused on the good things in life.
健康老龄化的一个重要因素是积极的态度——充满希望、自信，专注于生活中的美好事物。
This conclusion was based on several twin studies, scientific research which uses twins to study the roles of genetics and environment in human development.
这一结论是基于几项双胞胎研究，即利用双胞胎来研究遗传和环境在人类发展中的作用的科学研究。
In studies, Professor Harper found positive twins stayed healthier than negative twins as they aged.
在研究中，Harper教授发现，随着年龄的增长，积极的双胞胎比消极的双胞胎更健康。
Loneliness can be another problem as we get older. Here, Professor Sarah Harper explains how in countries like Spain, Italy and Greece, regular social interaction helps people age well:
随着年龄的增长，孤独可能是另一个问题。Sarah Harper教授解释了在西班牙、意大利和希腊等国家，定期的社交活动如何帮助人们健康地老去：
Loneliness can have the same impact as smoking in the statistics.
在统计数据中，孤独与吸烟的影响相同。
And when we talked about the Mediterranean diet, it's also got two other sides: it's got exercise because these people tend to be outside more because they have that kind of a climate, but also they still tend to live [communal meals]…
当我们谈到地中海饮食时，它还有另外两个方面：锻炼，因为这些人往往更多地在户外，因为他们有那种气候，但他们仍然倾向于集体用餐……
Absolutely they have communal meals, they tend to live together more in multigenerational households, that is changing a bit, so there's a whole lifestyle around it.
当然，他们有集体用餐，他们往往更多地生活在多代同堂的家庭中，这种情况正在发生一些变化，所以它是一种完整的生活方式。
The healthy food, such as fresh vegetables and fish, eaten by people living in countries around the Mediterranean Sea, is known as the Mediterranean diet.
地中海周边国家居民食用的健康食品，如新鲜蔬菜和鱼类，被称为地中海饮食。
Mediterranean cultures have other advantages too, including outdoor exercise, which is easier in warm climates, and communal meals, occasions when people sit down and share food together.
地中海文化还有其他优势，包括户外运动，这在温暖的气候下更容易进行，以及集体用餐，人们坐下来一起分享食物。
Mediterranean people are also more likely to live in multigenerational households, where people from two or more generations of a family live together in the same house.
地中海人也更有可能生活在多代同堂的家庭中，即两代或多代人住在同一所房子里。
Not everyone can live in the Mediterranean, but it seems a positive attitude and social interaction are two things we can all do to age well. Speaking of which, what was the answer to your question, Phil?
不是每个人都能生活在地中海，但积极的态度和社交互动似乎是我们所有人都能做到的两件事，以延年益寿。说到这个，Phil，你这个问题的答案是什么？
OK, well, I asked you about the oldest living person ever recorded. I asked what country they came from, and you said Japan.
我问过你有史以来最长寿的人。我问他们来自哪个国家，你说日本。
Well, I can reveal the answer is actually France. A lady in France lived for 122 years and 164 days.
我可以透露答案实际上是法国。法国一位女士活了122年164天。
And if you knew the answer to that, there are other questions about this programme in the quiz on our worksheet, which you can find on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
如果你知道答案，我们工作表上的测验中还有其他关于这个项目的问题，你可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上找到。
OK, let's recap the new vocabulary we've learned about staying young at heart, an idiom which means to think and behave in a youthful way, in spite of growing older.
好的，让我们回顾一下我们学到的关于staying young at heart的新词汇，这个习语的意思是尽管年龄增长，但仍要以年轻人的方式思考和行动。
People with a positive attitude feel hopeful, confident, and focused on the good things in life.
People with a positive attitude充满希望、充满自信，专注于生活中的美好事物。
Twin studies use twins to investigate the roles of genetics and environment in human development.
Twin studies利用双胞胎来研究遗传和环境在人类发展中的作用。
A Mediterranean diet describes the foods typically eaten by people living in countries around the Mediterranean Sea, including fresh vegetables, olive oil and fish.
Mediterranean diet是指生活在地中海沿岸国家的人们通常吃的食物，包括新鲜蔬菜、橄榄油和鱼。
At a communal meal, people sit down together to talk and share food.
communal meal指人们坐在一起聊天、分享食物。
And finally, a multigenerational household is when people from two or more generations of the same family live together.
最后，multigenerational household是指同一家庭的两代或多代人生活在一起。
Once again, our six minutes are up, but if you enjoyed this discussion then head over to the BBC Learning English website to find the accompanying worksheet and quiz,
六分钟时间又到了，但如果您喜欢这次讨论，请前往BBC学习英语网站查找随附的工作表和测验，
along with loads of other programmes and resources to help learn English. See you there! Bye!
以及大量其他有助于学习英语的节目和资源。到时见！再见！
