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It’s Time to Talk About Pornography, Scholars Say
学者称，是时候谈谈色情片了
Brian Willoughby knows he’s doing a good job when parents become uncomfortable.
当家长们感到不安时，布莱恩·威洛比就知道，自己的工作做得不错。
That’s because part of his job involves telling them that their teenagers are looking at pornography — hard-core, explicit, often violent.
这是因为他的部分工作就是告诉家长，他们的青春期孩子在看色情内容——硬核、露骨、往往有暴力情节的色情片。
Sometimes, the conversation is with a church group.
有时候对话是与教会团体进行的。
Dr. Willoughby is a social scientist at Brigham Young University, where he studies the pornography habits of adolescents and the impact this has on relationships.
威洛比博士是杨百翰大学的社会科学家，他在大学研究青少年的色情内容习惯以及这对恋爱关系的影响。（注：杨百翰大学是教会学校。）
When he goes into the community to explain what the modern world is like, he speaks plainly.
当他走进社区去解释现代世界是什么样子的时候，他讲得很直白。
“I always have to be careful to couch things by saying, ‘I’m not saying porn is good — but I am saying it’s a reality,’” he said.
“我总是必须小心翼翼地措辞，说‘我不是说色情片是好的，我是说色情片是一个现实情况’。”他说，
“You can stick your head in the sand and pretend it doesn’t exist, and say this is bad and pray harder, or use addiction language, but you have to have a realistic understanding of what’s happening.”
“你可以把头埋进沙子，假装这个现实不存在，说这是不好的，然后不停祈祷，或者说他们是上瘾了，但你必须对正在发生的情况有切实的理解。”
In the past, many parents have tried to ignore the watching of pornography by their children, forbid its use or wish it away.
过去，许多父母试图忽视孩子观看色情内容的行为，禁止色情内容，或希望色情内容消失。
But scholars who study the adolescent use of online pornography say that the behavior is so commonplace and impossible to prevent that a more pragmatic approach is required.
但研究青少年使用网络色情内容的学者表示，这种行为非常普遍，而且无法预防，因此需要一种更务实的方法。
When it comes to pornography, they want us to talk about it.
当涉及到色情内容时，学者们希望我们去谈论它。
The aim: to teach adolescents that the explicit content they encounter is unrealistic, misleading about many sexual relations and, as a result, potentially harmful.
目标：教导青少年，他们在色情内容里看到的露骨内容是不现实的，对许多性关系具有误导性，因此可能是有害的。
The approach does not condone the content or encourage its use, Dr. Willoughby emphasized, but acknowledges its ubiquity and unrealistic, hard-core nature.
威洛比博士强调，这种方法并不宽恕色情内容或鼓励使用色情内容，而是承认色情内容的普遍存在，以及其不切实际的、硬核的性质。
Long gone are the days of nude magazines that left much to the imagination.
那些让人充满遐想的裸体杂志早已不复存在了。
“That was nudity, sexualized,” Dr. Willoughby said of the pornography of yesteryear.
“那些杂志上是裸体的、性感的照片，”威洛比博士谈到过去的色情内容时说，
“A lot of parents still think that porn is Playboy.”
“很多父母仍然认为色情内容就是《花花公子》杂志。”
On average, Americans first see online pornography at age 12, according to a 2023 survey of adolescents by Common Sense Media, and 73 percent of those aged 17 and under have seen it, a figure consistent with other research.
根据“常识媒体”2023年对青少年的一项调查，美国人首次在网上看色情内容的平均年龄是12岁，17岁及以下的青少年中有73%看过，这一数字与其他研究一致。
Of those who watch pornography, whether intentionally or by stumbling into it accidentally, more than half reported seeing violence, including rape, choking or someone in pain.
在观看色情内容的人中，无论是有意还是偶然看到，超过一半的人称看到了暴力行为，包括强奸、窒息或遭受痛苦。
The realpolitik approach has been endorsed by recent scholarly papers that call for teaching adolescents “porn literacy,” having doctors ask young people about their pornography viewing and starting conversations between teenagers and their parents.
现实政治方法得到了最近一些学术论文的支持，这些论文呼吁对青少年进行“色情素养”教育，让医生询问年轻人观看色情内容的情况，并在青少年和父母之间展开对话。（注：现实政治即强调实用，而非道义或意识形态。）
One paper, published last January in the Journal of Family Medicine and Community Health, called for a practice that helps “provide an objective view of adolescents’ pornography use, guidelines for screening of pornography use and ways to facilitate conversations about the use between adolescents and caregivers.”
一篇论文于去年1月发表在《家庭医学与社区健康杂志》上，呼吁帮助“提供关于青少年色情内容使用的客观观点、提供色情内容使用筛查指导方针、促进青少年与养育者之间关于色情内容使用的对话”。
“Can I tell you how much pushback we got on that paper?” said Emily Pluhar, a clinical psychologist and instructor at Harvard Medical School and an author of the paper.
“我能告诉你那篇论文遇到了多大的阻力吗？”艾米丽·普卢哈尔说，她是哈佛医学院的临床心理学家和讲师，也是该论文的作者之一，
“People thought we were endorsing porn.
“人们认为我们是在为色情内容背书。
What we were saying is, ‘It’s there.’”
我们说的是‘色情内容是存在的。’”
“This is a topic that is so uncomfortable that nobody wants to talk about it,” Dr. Pluhar added.
“这是一个让人非常不舒服的话题，没有人愿意谈论它，”普卢哈尔博士补充道，
“It’s only going to get worse.”
“（如果不谈论）情况只会变得更糟。”
With artificial intelligence and other technologies, the virtual-sex experience will become ever more personal and intense, she said: “We have to start talking about this.”
有了人工智能和其他技术，虚拟性体验将变得更加私人化和强烈，她说：“我们必须开始谈论这个问题。”
