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So what exactly is aphasia?
失语症到底是什么呢？
Aphasia is an acquired communication disorder.
失语症是一种后天的沟通障碍。
Acquired means that you're not born with aphasia;
“后天的”意味着你不是天生就有失语症；
it's something that happens to people after a stroke, brain injury, or a neurological disorder called primary progressive aphasia.
而是发生在中风、脑损伤或一种叫做原发性进行性失语症的神经系统疾病之后。
Aphasia impairs a person's ability to process language, but it doesn't affect their intelligence.
失语症会损害一个人处理语言的能力，但不会影响他们的智力。
People with aphasia are still just as smart, though they may have problems understanding language, speaking, reading, or writing.
失语症患者还是一样聪明，尽管他们可能在理解语言、说、读或写方面存在一些问题。
So how do you communicate with someone who has aphasia?
那么你该如何与失语症患者交流呢？
First, be patient. Allow plenty of time for a response.
首先，要有耐心。给对方足够的时间来回应。
Make sure you're speaking with –– and not for –– the person.
确保你是在和--而不是为了--那个人说话。
Use simple, short sentences, and make sure you go to a quiet place to speak, so there aren't a lot of distractions.
使用简单、简短的句子，并确保你在一个安静的地方说话，这样就不会有太多的干扰。
People with aphasia may need to use communication tools such as an iPad or drawing with a pen and paper to get their point across.
失语症患者可能需要使用沟通工具，如iPad或用笔和纸画画来表达自己的观点。
They may also use gestures or pantomime if they can't come up with a word.
如果他们想不出一个词，他们也会用动作示意或手势。
Next time you meet someone with aphasia, you'll remember that there is plenty you can do to be supportive and spread awareness.
下次你遇到失语症患者时，要记住，你可以做很多事情来支持他和传播意识。
