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Almost 80 years after the Holocaust, about 245,000 Jewish survivors are still living across more than 90 countries.
在大屠杀发生近80年后，大约24.5万名犹太幸存者仍然生活在90多个国家。
A new report found that 49 percent of them are living in Israel.
一份新的报告发现，其中49%的犹太幸存者生活在以色列。
Eighteen percent live in Western Europe, 16 percent in the United States, and 12 percent in countries of the former Soviet Union.
18%的犹太幸存者生活在西欧，16%生活在美国，12%生活在前苏联国家。
The Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, also called the Claims Conference, which is based in New York City, carried out the study.
总部设在纽约市的“犹太人索赔大会”进行了这项调查。
Before the publication of the report, there were only general estimates about how many Holocaust survivors are still alive.
在这份报告发表之前，有关仍然活着的大屠杀幸存者人数只有大致的估计。
Their numbers are quickly falling.
大屠杀幸存者人数正在迅速下降。
Most are very old and often in poor health, with a median age of 86.
其中大多数人年龄很大，往往健康状况不佳，他们的中位数年龄为86岁。
Twenty percent of survivors are older than 90, with more women (61 percent) than men (39 percent) still alive.
20%的幸存者年龄超过90岁，仍然健在的女性（61%）多于男性（39%）。
The report is called "Holocaust Survivors Worldwide. A Demographic Overview."
这份报告名为《全球大屠杀幸存者：人口统计概述》。
It says 96 percent of survivors are "child survivors."
报告称，96%的幸存者是“儿童幸存者”。
That means they were born after 1928.
也就是说他们是在1928年以后出生的。
Information in the report is based on numbers collected up until August 2023.
报告中的信息是基于截至2023年8月收集的数据。
"The numbers in this report are interesting, but it is also important to look past the numbers to see the individuals they represent," said Greg Schneider.
格雷格·施奈德说：“这份报告中的数字很有趣，但同样重要的是，我们要透过这些数字，看到它们所代表的个人。”
He is the Claims Conference's executive vice president.
他是“犹太人索赔大会”的执行副总裁。
Six million European Jews and people from other minorities were killed by the Nazis and their supporters during the Holocaust.
在大屠杀期间，600万欧洲犹太人和其他少数民族被纳粹及其支持者杀害。
It is not clear exactly how many Jews survived the Holocaust.
目前尚不清楚到底有多少犹太人在大屠杀中幸存下来。
But their numbers were far smaller than the Jewish population in Europe before World War II.
但他们的人数远远少于二战前欧洲的犹太人人口数量。
3.3 million Jews lived in Poland in 1939.
1939年，有330万犹太人居住在波兰。
Only about 300,000 survived.
只有大约30万人幸存下来。
About 560,000 Jews lived in Germany in 1933, the year Adolf Hitler came to power.
1933年，阿道夫·希特勒上台，当时大约有56万犹太人生活在德国。
At the end of World War II in 1945, their numbers had fallen to about 15,000 — through emigration and murder.
在1945年第二次世界大战结束时，由于移民和谋杀，犹太人的人数下降到了大约1.5万人。
Germany's Jewish community grew after 1990.
德国的犹太社区在1990年后发展壮大。
More than 215,000 Jewish migrants and their families moved to Germany from countries of the former Soviet Union.
超过21.5万名犹太移民及其家人从前苏联国家移居德国。
Some of them were also survivors.
其中一些人也是幸存者。
The report said that 14,200 survivors still live in Germany.
报告称，仍有1.42万名幸存者生活在德国。
One of them is Ruth Winkelmann.
露丝·温克尔曼就是其中之一。
She survived by hiding with her mother and sister in a garden shed in northern Berlin.
她与母亲和妹妹躲在柏林北部的一个花园棚子里，幸免于难。
Her father was killed in the Auschwitz death camp.
她的父亲在奥斯维辛集中营被杀。
Her younger sister Esther died of illness, hunger, and exhaustion in March 1945, just weeks before the Soviet Red Army entered Berlin.
1945年3月，就在苏联红军进入柏林的几周前，她的妹妹埃丝特死于疾病、饥饿和疲惫。
Winkelmann is 95 and still lives in Berlin.
温克尔曼现年95岁，仍住在柏林。
She said there has not been a day in her life when she did not remember her father.
她说，她一生中每一天都在怀念她的父亲。
For its new report, the Claims Conference said it defined Holocaust survivors "based on agreements with the German government in assessing eligibility for compensation programs."
“犹太人索赔大会”在其新报告中表示，它对大屠杀幸存者的定义“基于与德国政府在评估赔偿计划资格时达成的协议。”
For Germany, that definition includes all Jews who lived in the country from January 30, 1933, when Hitler came to power, to May 1945.
对于德国来说，这一定义包括1933年1月30日希特勒上台至1945年5月期间居住在德国的所有犹太人。
That is when Germany surrendered in World War II.
这是德国在第二次世界大战中投降的时间。
The group deals with claims for Jews who suffered under the Nazis and negotiates compensation with Germany's finance ministry every year.
该组织负责处理在纳粹统治下遭受苦难的犹太人的索赔问题，并每年与德国财政部协商赔偿事宜。
Since 1952, the German government has paid more than $90 billion to individuals for suffering and losses resulting from the Nazis.
自1952年以来，德国政府已经向个人支付了超过900亿美元，以弥补纳粹造成的苦难和损失。
The Claims Conference has also launched several educational projects to pass on survivors' stories to younger generations.
“犹太人索赔大会”还启动了一些教育项目，将幸存者的故事传递给年轻一代。
Gideon Taylor is president of the Claims Conference.
吉迪恩·泰勒是“犹太人索赔大会”的主席。
He said the data the group gathered "not only tells us how many and where survivors are, it clearly indicates that most survivors are at a period of life where their need for care and services is growing."
他说，该组织收集的数据“不仅告诉我们幸存者的人数和居住地，还清楚地表明，大多数幸存者正处于对护理和服务的需求不断增长的阶段。”
"Now is the time to double down on our attention on this waning population. Now is when they need us the most."
“现在是时候加倍关注这一日益减少的人口了。现在是他们最需要我们的时候。”
I'm Dan Novak.
丹·诺瓦克为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
