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美国历史《我们的故事》第二集革命18:华盛顿 异人也(中)

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TEXT:Reed is awed by the sight. When I look down and see the prodigious fleet they have collected, I cannot help being astonished that a people should come 3,000 miles at such risk, trou ble and expense to rob, plunder and destroy another people because they will not lay their lives and fortune at their feet. It's the biggest attack on New York City until September 11, 2001. But the Rebels will stand and fight. The difference for me was that the British Army was fighting for a king and the Americans were fighting for their lives.Plumb Martin is one of 500 men standing guard at Kips Bay. Have a look. The first thing that saluted our eyes was all four ships at anchor within musket shot of us. "The Phoenix". I could read her name as distinctly as though I was directly underneath her stern. Pull out your gun! The assault begins. September 1776. New York is under fire. In one hour...2,500 British cannonballs smash the Rebel defenses at Kips Bay. 4,000 British troops storm Manhattan. Tough and battle -hardened, a British redcoat has six times more combat experience than a Patriot Army recruit. Get back in your lines!Washington watches his army collapse. Hold the line, men! They retreat along an ancient Native American path that will later be known as Broadway.《美国简史》系本纪录片历史背景
译文:里德被眼前的局势吓住了。当我看到海面上敌军巨大的战舰时我禁不住错愕,居然有人跋涉3000英里,冒着生命风险,付出巨大损耗仅仅为了掠夺与摧毁一群不愿被奴役的人们。这是纽约受过的最惨重的打击,直到9.11。但起义军们仍誓死抵抗。戴维·鲍尔达奇[犯罪推理小说作家]:“在我看来双方的不同之处在于心态,英国人是为国王而战,可美国人却是为生存而战。普拉姆·马丁是守卫基普斯湾的500民兵之一,快看,首先映入眼帘的是四艘停泊在我们步枪射程内的战船,"凤凰号"。我能清楚地看到她的名字,仿佛能感到她的船艄就在我头上晃动。拔出枪来。攻击开始了。1776年9月,纽约城硝烟弥漫,短短1小时2500枚英国炮弹便让基普斯湾防线灰飞烟灭,4000名英国海军拿下了曼哈顿。英军强壮而身经百战,英国士兵的实战经验至少是革命新军的六倍。保持阵型。华盛顿眼睁睁地看着自己军队溃散。保持阵型,战士们。他们沿着一条原住民的小道撤退,这条小道便是日后的百老汇大道。背景知识:华盛顿 异人也(中) 

TEXT:Reed is awed by the sight. When I look down and see the prodigious fleet they have collected, I cannot help being astonished that a people should come 3,000 miles at such risk, trou ble and expense to rob, plunder and destroy another people because they will not lay their lives and fortune at their feet. It's the biggest attack on New York City until September 11, 2001. But the Rebels will stand and fight. The difference for me was that the British Army was fighting for a king and the Americans were fighting for their lives.Plumb Martin is one of 500 men standing guard at Kips Bay. Have a look. The first thing that saluted our eyes was all four ships at anchor within musket shot of us. "The Phoenix". I could read her name as distinctly as though I was directly underneath her stern. Pull out your gun! The assault begins. September 1776. New York is under fire. In one hour...2,500 British cannonballs smash the Rebel defenses at Kips Bay. 4,000 British troops storm Manhattan. Tough and battle -hardened, a British redcoat has six times more combat experience than a Patriot Army recruit. Get back in your lines!Washington watches his army collapse. Hold the line, men! They retreat along an ancient Native American path that will later be known as Broadway.

译文:里德被眼前的局势吓住了。当我看到海面上敌军巨大的战舰时我禁不住错愕,居然有人跋涉3000英里,冒着生命风险,付出巨大损耗仅仅为了掠夺与摧毁一群不愿被奴役的人们。这是纽约受过的最惨重的打击,直到9.11。但起义军们仍誓死抵抗。戴维·鲍尔达奇[犯罪推理小说作家]:“在我看来双方的不同之处在于心态,英国人是为国王而战,可美国人却是为生存而战。普拉姆·马丁是守卫基普斯湾的500民兵之一,快看,首先映入眼帘的是四艘停泊在我们步枪射程内的战船,"凤凰号"。我能清楚地看到她的名字,仿佛能感到她的船艄就在我头上晃动。拔出枪来。攻击开始了。1776年9月,纽约城硝烟弥漫,短短1小时2500枚英国炮弹便让基普斯湾防线灰飞烟灭,4000名英国海军拿下了曼哈顿。英军强壮而身经百战,英国士兵的实战经验至少是革命新军的六倍。保持阵型。华盛顿眼睁睁地看着自己军队溃散。保持阵型,战士们。他们沿着一条原住民的小道撤退,这条小道便是日后的百老汇大道。

《美国简史》系本纪录片历史背景

背景知识:华盛顿 异人也(中) 

  (二)大陆军总司令

  随着殖民地民众反抗英国政府殖民统治的斗争风起云涌地展开,华盛顿很快离开他安乐的弗农山庄,加入到美利坚民族争取自由与解放的独立战争中去。1774年,他被推选为弗吉尼亚州的代表参加了第一次大陆会议。1775年6月15日,他被与会代表一致推举为大陆军的总司令,承担起北美独立战争领导者的历史重任。

  他所指挥的军队,是一群从农村征来的没有经过正规军事训练的新兵,纪律涣散,装备匮乏,但大都抱有强烈的反抗精神。而他面对的英军则装备精良,训练有素,久经沙场。华盛顿就这样率领着一群缺乏训练的业余战士,抗击着当时世界上最强大的军事力量。整个独立战争期间,他们克服了许多无法想象的困难,经受住了一次次失败的打击,但始终坚持不懈,直至最终取得战争的胜利。

  在争取国家独立解放的宏伟事业中,他事无巨细,全力投入。他不仅要领兵作战,还要经常给大陆会议、各州的领导人写信请求拨款支持军用。在法国的援军到来后,他还要履行许多属于外交性质的工作。他不仅没要过任何薪俸,还自掏腰包,为手下的士兵购置军服,接济生活贫困的军队家属。

  1783年《巴黎和约》签订后,华盛顿以大陆军总司令的名义下令解散了他一手组建的大陆军,在新泽西的落基山下,他向曾与他朝夕相处、浴血奋战的士兵们发表了慷慨激昂的告别演讲。1783年12月4日,在纽约的弗朗斯酒馆,华盛顿与大陆军军官们举行告别酒会。他举起酒杯,说道:"我满怀热爱和感激之情,向各位告别。我最诚挚地希望你们今后的生活将与你们过去的光荣和体面生活一样,幸福而美满。"

  这样,这位为美国独立事业建立卓越功勋的总司令不贪图任何高官厚禄,急流勇退,归隐到他的故里弗农山庄。华盛顿的辞职给这个新生的国家、也给整个世界树立了一个影响深远的榜样,按照常理,让人主动放弃权力是不可思议的,对于一个能随其心愿来担任任何职务的人而言,这就更令人称奇。[精彩下期继续...]

重点单词   查看全部解释    
distinctly [di'stiŋktli]

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adv. 清楚地,显然地,明显地

 
plunder ['plʌndə]

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v. 掠夺,抢劫,抢夺 n. 抢夺,掠夺品,战利品

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collapse [kə'læps]

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n. 崩溃,倒塌,暴跌
v. 倒塌,崩溃,瓦解

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recruit [ri'kru:t]

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v. 招募,征兵,吸收(新成员),补充
n.

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assault [ə'sɔ:lt]

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n. 攻击,突袭
vt. 袭击,突袭

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prodigious [prə'didʒəs]

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adj. 巨大的,惊人的,奇异的

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patriot ['peitriət]

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n. 爱国者

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anchor ['æŋkə]

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n. 锚,锚状物,依靠,新闻节目主播,压阵队员

 
fortune ['fɔ:tʃən]

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n. 财产,命运,运气

 
reed [ri:d]

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n. 芦苇,芦笛,簧片
Reed:里德(姓氏)

 


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