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Another example of a low-context culture is people's attitude towards time. In terms of time, I said before there was a polychronic sense of time in a high-context culture.
还有一个低语境文化的例子是人们对时间的态度。在时间方面，我之前说过，在高情境文化中有一种多元时间观念。
What do you think there would be in a low-context culture? Monochronic! Right! A monochronic sense of time and by that we mean that there is one time.
你认为在低语境文化中会有什么？单一时间观念！没错！一种单一的时间观念，即只存在一种时间。
And that concept means that people in a low-context culture believe that there's one standard of time and that should be for everything.
这个概念意味着在低语境文化下的人们认为只有一种时间标准且这个时间标准应该适用于所有事物。
And so I'm not willing to hear "Oh, the traffic was heavy. That's why I am late." or "Oh, I slept late."
所以我不愿意听到“哦，路上很堵，所以我迟到了。”或者“哦，我睡过了。”
People in a low-context culture would be much more upset with lateness because they feel that everyone should follow the same time;
在低语境文化下，人们会对迟到更加反感，因为他们觉得每个人都应该遵守同样的时间标准；
there shouldn't be all this flexibility with time and they expect punctuality.
时间不应该有那么多的变动，他们希望准时。
And they look at time as almost a commodity that they use expressions like "use time", "to waste time", "to spend time" or "time is money".
他们把时间看作是一种商品，他们会使用“使用时间”、“浪费时间”、“花时间”或“时间就是金钱”等表达方式。
All of these expressions reinforce the concept that time is actually something you can hold onto.
所有这些表达都强化了这样的概念，即时间实际上是你可以把握的。
So what this is all about is that Hall expresses that people need to be aware of these different assumptions or concepts about reality.
这就是霍尔想要表达的，人们需要意识到这些对现实的不同预设或者概念。
And he thinks that this has all kinds of relevance no matter what you're doing, if you're in business, negotiations, interpersonal relations.
他认为，无论你在做什么，在商业、谈判、人际关系中，这都有很强的影响。
If you're dealing with people from different cultures in any way, it's going to affect every part of your life.
如果你和来自不同文化背景的人打交道，这会影响到你生活的方方面面。
In any multicultural situation, these assumptions need to be taken into account for successful interactions.
在多文化情境下，想要成功完成交流都要考虑到这些预设。
Ok, today, we'll take a brief look at Edward Hall's view of culture, mainly his classification of high or low context culture with some examples.
今天，我们简要地看一下爱德华·霍尔的文化观点，主要是他对高低语境文化的分类，还有几个例子。
Next week, we'll look at some more examples of cultures on the continum between high-context and low-context cultures.
下个星期，我们将会看到更多连续体上高低语境文化之间其他文化的例子。
