评论
打印
Use the examples from the lecture to explain the concept of social learning.
请用课上所举例子解释社会学习的概念。
Read a passage about social learning from a psychology textbook.
请阅读这篇选自心理学课本的关于社会学习的文章。
You will have 50 seconds to read the passage. Begin reading now.
你将有50秒的时间阅读文章，现在开始计时。
Now listen to part of a lecture in a psychology class.
请听心理学课上的部分内容。
OK, so an example to illustrate this, uh, you'll often see this happen in families,
我们举个例子来说明这个概念，这个例子在家庭中时常发生。
let's say, there're these two kids, a sister and the brother.
假如有这么两个孩子，一个姐姐和一个弟弟。
Uh, let's say the girl is six and the boy's four,
我们假设这个小女孩六岁，小男孩四岁。
and one day they're all out shopping with their mother,
有一天，他们都和妈妈在外面购物，
and they're in the store, and the girl sees a toy she wants.
在一家商店里，小女孩看到了一个她想要的玩具。
She asks her mother to buy, uh, to buy the toy for her, but the mother says "no."
她叫妈妈给她买......给她买这个玩具，但是妈妈没有同意。
So, what does the little girl do?
那么，这个小女孩接下来会怎么做呢？
She starts crying and screaming and, you know, "Mommy, I want this!"
她开始一边哭一边叫喊，喊着"妈妈，我想买这个！"
And, finally, Mom gives in and says, "OK, fine, you can have it," and buys the girl the toy.
最后，妈妈终于让步了并说："好吧，给你买"。然后就给小女孩买了这个玩具。
Now, don't forget, the little brother's there and he's watching all this happen,
现在不要忘了，弟弟也在那儿，而且他正看着发生的一切，
and maybe he sees these sorts of thing happen a lot, his mother giving in when his sister cries and screams.
也许他见过好几次这种事情：当他姐姐又哭又闹的时候妈妈会做出让步。
What do you think he's going to start doing when he wants something from Mom?
你觉得等他想要妈妈给他什么的时候，他会开始怎么做？
He'll probably cry and scream, right? But, what if the opposite happened?
他可能会又哭又闹，对吗？但是，如果当初情况相反呢？
Say Mom didn't give in and didn't buy the girl the toy, in fact, say,
假设妈妈没有让步，也没给小女孩买玩具，事实上，
the Mom instead disciplined the girl for screaming and crying
我们假设妈妈反而为了小女孩的哭闹惩罚了她，
when they got home she didn't let the little girl watch her favorite TV program.
等他们回到家的时候，妈妈没有让小女孩看她最喜欢的电视节目。
Again, the little boy is watching.
同样的，弟弟一直在看。
Now, what's the little boy likely to do if he finds himself in a similar situation and he wants Mom to buy him something?
那么现在，如果小男孩遇到了类似的情况，也想要妈妈给他买什么的话，他会怎么做呢？
Chances are, he's NOT gonna cry and scream. Right?
很有可能，他不会哭闹，对吗？
