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This tendency for phase shift in the timing of sleep is not just for humans
睡眠时间的平移 不光发生在人类身上
It's been seen in races in octodon degus seen in rat, mouse
也发生在八齿鼠身上 也就是一种老鼠身上
This was reviewed in paper that is highlighted here
他在一篇论文中对这个问题进行了阐述
work which Mary Chriskaton was involved in
玛丽克里斯坎顿也参加了这个研究
Then some really interesting work
这是一个非常有趣的研究
Boenneberg has done in Europe actually from huge samples
波尼博格在欧洲完成了这项研究 他抽取了大量的样本
This is one of the early papers that got a lot of attention
这是引起人们注意到一篇早期论文
Just looking at the midpoint of the sleep
大家看看欧洲样本中
in this European sample on free days
休息日的睡眠中点
This delay in the midpoint of sleep
10岁到20岁的青少年
when people get to choose their sleep
他们如果可以选择睡眠时间
is really marked between 10 and 20
那么睡眠的中点就会发生延迟85118219
At 20, he actually thinks it's biological end of adolescence
他认为20岁是青春期的终点
he begins to see this drop in males and females
他发现这个时候男性和女性的睡眠中点 都出现了延后
Now, and there are some there's actually some intrinsic circadian rhythm work
人们的体内其实存在 内在的作息节奏
and then this dim light melatonin onset work
灯光昏暗时人们体内分泌褪黑素
that Mary did was heroic amount of work to get kids constant conditions
玛丽完成了大量的工作 她为孩子们提供了稳定的环境
and really look at dim light melatonin
她研究了昏暗灯光环境下的褪黑素分泌情况
independent of their actual pattern exposure to light you see
而没有研究正常接触到阳光的情况
This is control for all things you want to see
大家可以看到所有条件都进行了控制
and you still see the shift in the dim light melatonin onset as kids get to be at stage 4 and 5
当孩子们进入第4和第5阶段的睡眠期时 暗处褪黑素的分泌就会发生平移
So this is part of the larger story
这就解释了一个宏观的问题
that kids and adolescents phase delay and there're various reasons for this
即儿童和青少年的作息时间发生平移 造成这一结果的原因有很多
But now I want to shift back to the larger story
但现在我想讲一下宏观的原因
